1
00:00:55,980 --> 00:01:00,860
started

2
00:01:00,870 --> 00:01:08,289
[Music]

3
00:01:19,450 --> 00:01:09,900
I feel funny

4
00:01:19,460 --> 00:01:27,530
quality we copy on the ground

5
00:01:27,540 --> 00:01:32,390
[Music]

6
00:01:32,400 --> 00:01:38,330
um

7
00:01:38,340 --> 00:01:50,170
foreign

8
00:02:04,789 --> 00:01:55,350
[Music]

9
00:02:10,070 --> 00:02:07,550
good afternoon and welcome to NASA's

10
00:02:11,930 --> 00:02:10,080
Kennedy Space Center in Florida I'm

11
00:02:16,070 --> 00:02:11,940
Jasmine Hopkins and you are watching

12
00:02:17,690 --> 00:02:16,080
NASA's SpaceX crew 6 social panel the

13
00:02:20,089 --> 00:02:17,700
Acoustics Mission will carry NASA

14
00:02:23,270 --> 00:02:20,099
astronauts Steve Bowen and Woody hoberg

15
00:02:26,089 --> 00:02:23,280
as well as UAE astronaut Sultan on the

16
00:02:28,250 --> 00:02:26,099
ADI and Ross Cosmos Cosmonaut Andre

17
00:02:31,150 --> 00:02:28,260
feridev to the International Space

18
00:02:34,430 --> 00:02:31,160
Station for a six-month science Mission

19
00:02:38,869 --> 00:02:34,440
liftoff is targeted for this Monday that

20
00:02:40,670 --> 00:02:38,879
is February 27th at 1 45 A.M

21
00:02:42,790 --> 00:02:40,680
thanks so much for joining us and today

22
00:02:45,890 --> 00:02:42,800
we are joined by NASA leadership

23
00:02:48,110 --> 00:02:45,900
astronaut rajachari International Space

24
00:02:49,790 --> 00:02:48,120
Station scientists representatives from

25
00:02:53,030 --> 00:02:49,800
the International International

26
00:02:55,369 --> 00:02:53,040
laboratory from the ISS National Lab and

27
00:02:57,470 --> 00:02:55,379
a group of digital content creators

28
00:03:00,290 --> 00:02:57,480
visiting NASA's Kennedy Space Center as

29
00:03:01,910 --> 00:03:00,300
part of our NASA social program we are

30
00:03:03,710 --> 00:03:01,920
so glad to have you all here joining us

31
00:03:05,630 --> 00:03:03,720
in the room today

32
00:03:08,210 --> 00:03:05,640
here to tell us more about what it means

33
00:03:10,190 --> 00:03:08,220
to be part of the NASA family or a team

34
00:03:12,830 --> 00:03:10,200
member here at Nasa we will start with

35
00:03:14,990 --> 00:03:12,840
shuttle astronaut and NASA's associate

36
00:03:17,390 --> 00:03:15,000
administrator Bob Cubana well thanks

37
00:03:20,030 --> 00:03:17,400
Jasmine it's a real pleasure to be down

38
00:03:22,430 --> 00:03:20,040
here in out of Washington in home in

39
00:03:23,809 --> 00:03:22,440
Florida this is just absolutely the best

40
00:03:24,949 --> 00:03:23,819
place going especially when you're

41
00:03:27,470 --> 00:03:24,959
launching Crews to the International

42
00:03:29,330 --> 00:03:27,480
Space Station there's just so much cool

43
00:03:31,009 --> 00:03:29,340
stuff going on down here and it's it's

44
00:03:33,050 --> 00:03:31,019
always fun for me to get out of the

45
00:03:35,390 --> 00:03:33,060
office and come down and be able to to

46
00:03:37,430 --> 00:03:35,400
talk to the team here and see real

47
00:03:40,449 --> 00:03:37,440
flight our hardware and see firsthand

48
00:03:43,789 --> 00:03:40,459
all the cool stuff that NASA is doing

49
00:03:46,009 --> 00:03:43,799
I I can't imagine not being part of

50
00:03:48,050 --> 00:03:46,019
America's space program today what an

51
00:03:49,789 --> 00:03:48,060
exciting time when you look at all that

52
00:03:51,589 --> 00:03:49,799
we're accomplishing you know we got

53
00:03:52,970 --> 00:03:51,599
Crews flying on the crew dragon to the

54
00:03:55,490 --> 00:03:52,980
International Space Station hopefully

55
00:03:56,990 --> 00:03:55,500
we're going to get Boeing flying here in

56
00:03:58,190 --> 00:03:57,000
the very near future on a crude test

57
00:04:00,050 --> 00:03:58,200
flight to the International Space

58
00:04:02,089 --> 00:04:00,060
Station we had that awesome Artemis

59
00:04:04,789 --> 00:04:02,099
launch last year and we're getting ready

60
00:04:08,330 --> 00:04:04,799
for Artemis 2 with the the Orion

61
00:04:10,309 --> 00:04:08,340
spacecraft on a crude flight accrued

62
00:04:13,070 --> 00:04:10,319
test flight to the moon for the first

63
00:04:14,809 --> 00:04:13,080
time in many years and it just it just

64
00:04:16,490 --> 00:04:14,819
keeps going on and on and you throw all

65
00:04:19,370 --> 00:04:16,500
the great science missions on top of

66
00:04:21,590 --> 00:04:19,380
that narrow stuff we're doing uh NASA is

67
00:04:23,689 --> 00:04:21,600
the place to be but more than anything

68
00:04:25,790 --> 00:04:23,699
it's just fun to get home and be with

69
00:04:27,350 --> 00:04:25,800
all of you absolutely Bob NASA

70
00:04:30,170 --> 00:04:27,360
definitely is the place to be right now

71
00:04:32,810 --> 00:04:30,180
let's send it over to rajachary thanks

72
00:04:34,430 --> 00:04:32,820
Jasmine yeah and like uh Colonel Cabana

73
00:04:35,990 --> 00:04:34,440
said it's always a joy to come to

74
00:04:38,150 --> 00:04:36,000
Kennedy Space Center it's always fun to

75
00:04:39,950 --> 00:04:38,160
fly in and see where the Ops actually

76
00:04:41,150 --> 00:04:39,960
happen so we train in Houston but

77
00:04:42,290 --> 00:04:41,160
there's nothing like coming to Kennedy

78
00:04:43,730 --> 00:04:42,300
where you've actually launched the

79
00:04:45,409 --> 00:04:43,740
rocket and do the thing you've been

80
00:04:46,969 --> 00:04:45,419
training for so I'm excited to be here

81
00:04:48,830 --> 00:04:46,979
super excited to see Woody hoberg my

82
00:04:50,689 --> 00:04:48,840
classmate and fellow Turtle continue the

83
00:04:52,670 --> 00:04:50,699
line of turtles on the space station so

84
00:04:54,469 --> 00:04:52,680
we'll continue that tradition and super

85
00:04:56,570 --> 00:04:54,479
excited to him and see him and his crew

86
00:04:57,850 --> 00:04:56,580
launch tomorrow or well late tomorrow

87
00:05:00,710 --> 00:04:57,860
early Monday

88
00:05:03,290 --> 00:05:00,720
exactly very exciting Raja let's hear

89
00:05:06,650 --> 00:05:03,300
now from Dr Kurt Costello

90
00:05:09,050 --> 00:05:06,660
hi everybody I'm the ISS program Chief

91
00:05:11,150 --> 00:05:09,060
scientist and it's really exciting to

92
00:05:13,670 --> 00:05:11,160
come down here for these launches to see

93
00:05:16,550 --> 00:05:13,680
all the hard work that goes into putting

94
00:05:17,930 --> 00:05:16,560
together a payload mission for the

95
00:05:20,810 --> 00:05:17,940
International Space Station science

96
00:05:22,670 --> 00:05:20,820
pulling that all together and as as Bob

97
00:05:25,850 --> 00:05:22,680
and Raja here our great Representatives

98
00:05:27,590 --> 00:05:25,860
one of our most critical resources on

99
00:05:28,730 --> 00:05:27,600
the space station are the crew members

100
00:05:32,330 --> 00:05:28,740
themselves

101
00:05:34,969 --> 00:05:32,340
doing research with the crew members in

102
00:05:37,310 --> 00:05:34,979
in relation to human research trying to

103
00:05:39,409 --> 00:05:37,320
understand the risks to our crew members

104
00:05:42,230 --> 00:05:39,419
as we continue out farther into the

105
00:05:44,510 --> 00:05:42,240
solar system that is of Paramount

106
00:05:46,370 --> 00:05:44,520
importance for us but the crew will not

107
00:05:48,770 --> 00:05:46,380
only be doing human research they'll be

108
00:05:52,249 --> 00:05:48,780
helping out with some biology research

109
00:05:55,249 --> 00:05:52,259
some physical science research and even

110
00:05:58,850 --> 00:05:55,259
doing some groundbreaking Eva research

111
00:06:00,050 --> 00:05:58,860
we've never done really an Eva like this

112
00:06:02,090 --> 00:06:00,060
one coming up

113
00:06:03,650 --> 00:06:02,100
back to you Jasmine lots of exciting

114
00:06:04,909 --> 00:06:03,660
science going up on this Mission Kurt

115
00:06:06,890 --> 00:06:04,919
now we're going to hear from Dana

116
00:06:09,469 --> 00:06:06,900
Hutcherson the deputy program manager

117
00:06:11,689 --> 00:06:09,479
for NASA's commercial crew program hey

118
00:06:14,210 --> 00:06:11,699
welcome and I'm very excited to be here

119
00:06:15,710 --> 00:06:14,220
she said I'm Dana Hutcherson Deputy

120
00:06:17,330 --> 00:06:15,720
program manager for commercial crew

121
00:06:19,550 --> 00:06:17,340
program I've been working with

122
00:06:22,070 --> 00:06:19,560
commercial crew program for almost 12

123
00:06:23,689 --> 00:06:22,080
years now and this is just one of our

124
00:06:26,029 --> 00:06:23,699
exciting moments getting ready and

125
00:06:28,189 --> 00:06:26,039
preparing for this Mission we're getting

126
00:06:30,950 --> 00:06:28,199
ready for our sixth rotational mission

127
00:06:33,710 --> 00:06:30,960
of taking astronauts to the National

128
00:06:35,990 --> 00:06:33,720
Space Station from U.S soil and it's our

129
00:06:39,770 --> 00:06:36,000
seventh crude flight so this is really a

130
00:06:41,990 --> 00:06:39,780
cool opportunity for us and as Colonel

131
00:06:44,450 --> 00:06:42,000
Cabana said we're also very excited to

132
00:06:48,110 --> 00:06:44,460
also bring on board very closely behind

133
00:06:50,930 --> 00:06:48,120
that Boeing the Starliner on CST 100 and

134
00:06:53,570 --> 00:06:50,940
getting that crude flight test up here

135
00:06:55,670 --> 00:06:53,580
in in the springtime so it's a very

136
00:06:57,170 --> 00:06:55,680
exciting time for us and I can tell you

137
00:06:58,550 --> 00:06:57,180
we talked to the crew this morning

138
00:07:00,469 --> 00:06:58,560
they're doing really well they're

139
00:07:03,230 --> 00:07:00,479
excited to get ready for this 6 month

140
00:07:05,150 --> 00:07:03,240
Mission the vehicle is doing well as

141
00:07:07,129 --> 00:07:05,160
well we're the teams are off now

142
00:07:08,689 --> 00:07:07,139
preparing doing the last final things

143
00:07:11,090 --> 00:07:08,699
and checkouts that they need to do to

144
00:07:12,650 --> 00:07:11,100
get ready for the for the mission and

145
00:07:15,110 --> 00:07:12,660
actually our engineers and scientists

146
00:07:17,270 --> 00:07:15,120
are back behind today working on

147
00:07:18,650 --> 00:07:17,280
checking all of the boxes making sure

148
00:07:20,390 --> 00:07:18,660
everything is ready to go they're in

149
00:07:22,490 --> 00:07:20,400
boards right now just doing the final

150
00:07:24,650 --> 00:07:22,500
checks we'll have some review a couple

151
00:07:27,469 --> 00:07:24,660
more reviews as we head into the launch

152
00:07:29,749 --> 00:07:27,479
on early Monday morning so very excited

153
00:07:31,790 --> 00:07:29,759
to be here and a good time for us to be

154
00:07:32,990 --> 00:07:31,800
here at Kennedy Space Center thanks so

155
00:07:34,790 --> 00:07:33,000
much Dana it's nice to hear that we're

156
00:07:36,230 --> 00:07:34,800
looking good for Monday and last but

157
00:07:38,629 --> 00:07:36,240
certainly not least we have Patrick

158
00:07:41,089 --> 00:07:38,639
O'Neill from the ISS National Laboratory

159
00:07:42,830 --> 00:07:41,099
Patrick well thanks Jasmine and first

160
00:07:44,629 --> 00:07:42,840
and foremost for those of you who are

161
00:07:46,969 --> 00:07:44,639
not from Florida welcome to Florida I

162
00:07:48,890 --> 00:07:46,979
hope that we have a fun smoking fire in

163
00:07:50,150 --> 00:07:48,900
a couple of days but uh very excited to

164
00:07:52,129 --> 00:07:50,160
go out there and spend some time with

165
00:07:53,629 --> 00:07:52,139
you all one of the questions I like to

166
00:07:55,490 --> 00:07:53,639
ask when I have a chance to meet with

167
00:07:57,650 --> 00:07:55,500
this type of a group is prior to coming

168
00:08:00,529 --> 00:07:57,660
out here who knew that the space station

169
00:08:02,270 --> 00:08:00,539
was a National Laboratory

170
00:08:04,610 --> 00:08:02,280
so most of the time yeah it's like 50

171
00:08:06,350 --> 00:08:04,620
50-ish or so and and so it's an

172
00:08:08,390 --> 00:08:06,360
opportunity for us to you know provide

173
00:08:10,189 --> 00:08:08,400
some education on what a National Lab in

174
00:08:11,270 --> 00:08:10,199
space actually does and so I'm excited

175
00:08:12,710 --> 00:08:11,280
to go out and talk with you about some

176
00:08:14,629 --> 00:08:12,720
of the science that we help to support

177
00:08:16,730 --> 00:08:14,639
and sponsor how we work in partnership

178
00:08:18,290 --> 00:08:16,740
with NASA and how it is that we're all

179
00:08:20,270 --> 00:08:18,300
able to collectively utilize the space

180
00:08:21,950 --> 00:08:20,280
station to bring value to humanity and

181
00:08:24,110 --> 00:08:21,960
drive business models in low earth orbit

182
00:08:25,850 --> 00:08:24,120
thanks Jasmine of course and thank you

183
00:08:28,369 --> 00:08:25,860
all for those open remarks that brings

184
00:08:30,290 --> 00:08:28,379
us to the fun part of today's panel the

185
00:08:32,029 --> 00:08:30,300
question and answer as I said at the

186
00:08:34,370 --> 00:08:32,039
beginning we have a lot of content

187
00:08:35,570 --> 00:08:34,380
creators here in the room today so if

188
00:08:37,610 --> 00:08:35,580
you would like to ask a question please

189
00:08:39,110 --> 00:08:37,620
raise your hand and we have a microphone

190
00:08:40,790 --> 00:08:39,120
that will get to you you can introduce

191
00:08:42,709 --> 00:08:40,800
yourself and please say who you would

192
00:08:44,089 --> 00:08:42,719
like to answer your question if you're

193
00:08:47,449 --> 00:08:44,099
watching online please join the

194
00:08:50,690 --> 00:08:47,459
conversation using ask NASA

195
00:08:52,190 --> 00:08:50,700
all right so let's get it started

196
00:08:54,949 --> 00:08:52,200
well hi thanks for being here my name is

197
00:08:56,329 --> 00:08:54,959
Mike verkest and for uh about 28 years

198
00:08:57,650 --> 00:08:56,339
or so I've been involved in the

199
00:08:59,509 --> 00:08:57,660
Emergency Medical Services I'm a

200
00:09:00,769 --> 00:08:59,519
paramedic and in the fire service and I

201
00:09:02,570 --> 00:09:00,779
wanted to speak to it I'm not sure who

202
00:09:05,449 --> 00:09:02,580
would be best to answer uh maybe the

203
00:09:07,550 --> 00:09:05,459
colonel maybe Raj but um we we've

204
00:09:09,949 --> 00:09:07,560
started employing checklists for our

205
00:09:12,170 --> 00:09:09,959
high Acuity low occurrence procedures

206
00:09:14,329 --> 00:09:12,180
things like that and

207
00:09:16,850 --> 00:09:14,339
um I find it interesting that Pilots

208
00:09:18,530 --> 00:09:16,860
anyone in aviation they use checklists

209
00:09:20,449 --> 00:09:18,540
for everything so maybe you could just

210
00:09:23,150 --> 00:09:20,459
speak to a little bit about human

211
00:09:26,269 --> 00:09:23,160
factors why checklists are important why

212
00:09:27,949 --> 00:09:26,279
people should trust those checklists and

213
00:09:29,570 --> 00:09:27,959
use them and not pretend like they they

214
00:09:31,070 --> 00:09:29,580
know all the stuff

215
00:09:32,810 --> 00:09:31,080
thank you all right I'm going to start

216
00:09:34,790 --> 00:09:32,820
if you don't mind Mike and then Rush can

217
00:09:37,430 --> 00:09:34,800
chime in but one of the things that it's

218
00:09:39,470 --> 00:09:37,440
come out of uh flying actually is crew

219
00:09:42,170 --> 00:09:39,480
resource management and it's transferred

220
00:09:44,449 --> 00:09:42,180
over into emergency operating rooms

221
00:09:46,670 --> 00:09:44,459
there was a problem in aviation for a

222
00:09:50,030 --> 00:09:46,680
while where you had these very senior

223
00:09:53,570 --> 00:09:50,040
captains and you'd have a junior co-capt

224
00:09:55,190 --> 00:09:53,580
and pilot co-pilot on board that the

225
00:09:58,370 --> 00:09:55,200
crew would not question the captain

226
00:10:00,230 --> 00:09:58,380
because he was so senior and even when

227
00:10:02,389 --> 00:10:00,240
there's something going wrong and

228
00:10:04,310 --> 00:10:02,399
learning how to work together as a team

229
00:10:06,170 --> 00:10:04,320
is crucial and that's how we train for

230
00:10:08,030 --> 00:10:06,180
our place space flights also I'm gonna

231
00:10:09,110 --> 00:10:08,040
let Raj go into that but checklists are

232
00:10:11,570 --> 00:10:09,120
critical

233
00:10:13,610 --> 00:10:11,580
um you know the really important stuff

234
00:10:15,889 --> 00:10:13,620
you memorize but you always get the

235
00:10:17,870 --> 00:10:15,899
checklist out and do it right and I had

236
00:10:20,090 --> 00:10:17,880
a rule when I flew Raj can talk about

237
00:10:22,490 --> 00:10:20,100
his but we always had like a two-man

238
00:10:25,070 --> 00:10:22,500
rule where I had somebody with the

239
00:10:26,630 --> 00:10:25,080
checklist verifying when I my checklist

240
00:10:27,889 --> 00:10:26,640
that I actually had my hand on the right

241
00:10:29,269 --> 00:10:27,899
switch and we were doing the right thing

242
00:10:30,710 --> 00:10:29,279
so that we did everything in the proper

243
00:10:31,970 --> 00:10:30,720
order and one of the real problems that

244
00:10:33,410 --> 00:10:31,980
you can run into is when you have a

245
00:10:34,910 --> 00:10:33,420
break in your habit patterns where

246
00:10:36,889 --> 00:10:34,920
you're going through a checklist and

247
00:10:38,990 --> 00:10:36,899
something interrupts you and it's really

248
00:10:41,389 --> 00:10:39,000
critical that you make sure that you go

249
00:10:43,130 --> 00:10:41,399
in at the same point that you left off

250
00:10:45,470 --> 00:10:43,140
and you don't leave something out or can

251
00:10:46,910 --> 00:10:45,480
have really severe consequences down the

252
00:10:48,410 --> 00:10:46,920
road Raj you want to add to that yeah

253
00:10:49,850 --> 00:10:48,420
absolutely so I think you're exactly

254
00:10:51,650 --> 00:10:49,860
right so you mentioned like some

255
00:10:53,389 --> 00:10:51,660
critical things so there's a handful of

256
00:10:55,910 --> 00:10:53,399
things and then the Air Force we call it

257
00:10:57,290 --> 00:10:55,920
bold face uh places called like critical

258
00:10:59,030 --> 00:10:57,300
action time so there may be a handful of

259
00:11:00,530 --> 00:10:59,040
things you do an immediate button push

260
00:11:01,910 --> 00:11:00,540
or something like that and the dragon

261
00:11:03,230 --> 00:11:01,920
will be like hitting the fire response

262
00:11:05,030 --> 00:11:03,240
button that would be like an idiot thing

263
00:11:06,530 --> 00:11:05,040
but everything beyond that the system is

264
00:11:08,269 --> 00:11:06,540
so complicated and really especially on

265
00:11:10,610 --> 00:11:08,279
the space station you are working with

266
00:11:13,009 --> 00:11:10,620
such a myriad of systems payloads people

267
00:11:15,230 --> 00:11:13,019
the ground you really don't want us not

268
00:11:16,790 --> 00:11:15,240
using a checklist you want it is so

269
00:11:18,829 --> 00:11:16,800
complicated you can very quickly make

270
00:11:21,350 --> 00:11:18,839
the situation worse and there's very

271
00:11:23,090 --> 00:11:21,360
very few emergencies that would be

272
00:11:24,530 --> 00:11:23,100
benefit from you rushing and so if

273
00:11:25,970 --> 00:11:24,540
nothing else we have a saying in the Air

274
00:11:27,230 --> 00:11:25,980
Force it's like turn the clock so the

275
00:11:29,269 --> 00:11:27,240
first thing to do in emergency is like

276
00:11:32,210 --> 00:11:29,279
hack a clock do something just to kind

277
00:11:34,370 --> 00:11:32,220
of have a two or three second let that

278
00:11:36,170 --> 00:11:34,380
sort of like the lizard brain part of

279
00:11:38,509 --> 00:11:36,180
your body that wants to react and do

280
00:11:40,550 --> 00:11:38,519
something stupid just take a breath

281
00:11:42,350 --> 00:11:40,560
think for a second and then and then go

282
00:11:44,150 --> 00:11:42,360
and the checklist helps with that and

283
00:11:45,889 --> 00:11:44,160
exactly like Colonel Cabana said we we

284
00:11:47,870 --> 00:11:45,899
either verify you with the ground with

285
00:11:51,850 --> 00:11:47,880
another crewmate pretty much every step

286
00:11:54,590 --> 00:11:51,860
and it just adds a layer of you know

287
00:11:55,910 --> 00:11:54,600
a layer of certainty to it and to make

288
00:11:58,250 --> 00:11:55,920
sure that you don't wind up in a bad

289
00:12:00,470 --> 00:11:58,260
path especially uh when the space

290
00:12:03,290 --> 00:12:00,480
station miles we are we are the eyes and

291
00:12:05,329 --> 00:12:03,300
ears and doers but the ground has way

292
00:12:07,069 --> 00:12:05,339
more insight into the overall system and

293
00:12:08,990 --> 00:12:07,079
so it's if you're not in sync with the

294
00:12:10,790 --> 00:12:09,000
ground it's really easy to go down you

295
00:12:12,710 --> 00:12:10,800
know whether maybe you're coming up in

296
00:12:14,210 --> 00:12:12,720
eclipse or you know the solar panels or

297
00:12:15,410 --> 00:12:14,220
at some different angle and you don't

298
00:12:17,269 --> 00:12:15,420
know all that information without

299
00:12:19,569 --> 00:12:17,279
following the checklist and talking to

300
00:12:24,110 --> 00:12:21,470
thank you for answering that question

301
00:12:25,550 --> 00:12:24,120
next here in the room

302
00:12:28,190 --> 00:12:25,560
we've got some hands in the back row

303
00:12:31,970 --> 00:12:30,230
I asked Kyle Shay I'm from Tulsa

304
00:12:33,829 --> 00:12:31,980
Community College I have a question for

305
00:12:35,810 --> 00:12:33,839
uh Dr Kurt just Stella here you

306
00:12:38,329 --> 00:12:35,820
mentioned in your intro that you are

307
00:12:40,190 --> 00:12:38,339
doing some groundbreaking Eva research

308
00:12:41,990 --> 00:12:40,200
on ISS with this one that's Mission can

309
00:12:45,410 --> 00:12:42,000
you elaborate on that

310
00:12:47,889 --> 00:12:45,420
sure um the the research investigation I

311
00:12:51,290 --> 00:12:47,899
was mentioning is called ISS external

312
00:12:53,329 --> 00:12:51,300
microorganisms and it's a question that

313
00:12:56,389 --> 00:12:53,339
was raised by the researchers here at

314
00:13:00,470 --> 00:12:56,399
Johnson Space Center as to what is the

315
00:13:04,009 --> 00:13:00,480
survivability of bacteria and fungi that

316
00:13:06,590 --> 00:13:04,019
we all carry with us as humans no matter

317
00:13:08,810 --> 00:13:06,600
how clean we try try and be as humans

318
00:13:11,470 --> 00:13:08,820
we're going to carry around these things

319
00:13:14,210 --> 00:13:11,480
think of it as your own little pig pen

320
00:13:17,449 --> 00:13:14,220
you're bringing these things along and

321
00:13:20,030 --> 00:13:17,459
obviously when air and other items are

322
00:13:23,150 --> 00:13:20,040
vented from a spacecraft they're

323
00:13:25,810 --> 00:13:23,160
exposing that population to space so we

324
00:13:29,810 --> 00:13:25,820
want to know if it's survivable

325
00:13:32,449 --> 00:13:29,820
if it manages to reproduce outside we're

326
00:13:35,449 --> 00:13:32,459
going to be taking samples using an Eva

327
00:13:37,490 --> 00:13:35,459
swab tool at several locations around

328
00:13:39,829 --> 00:13:37,500
the airlock and we'll also be doing two

329
00:13:41,930 --> 00:13:39,839
control samples outside just exposing

330
00:13:43,610 --> 00:13:41,940
them to the vacuum of space and we

331
00:13:45,889 --> 00:13:43,620
really want to know this for planetary

332
00:13:48,290 --> 00:13:45,899
protection measures we want to know as

333
00:13:49,970 --> 00:13:48,300
we go to the moon and not so much on the

334
00:13:53,090 --> 00:13:49,980
moon because it's it's really harsh

335
00:13:55,190 --> 00:13:53,100
there but on Mars where our primary goal

336
00:13:57,110 --> 00:13:55,200
one of them is to search for how life

337
00:13:58,910 --> 00:13:57,120
might have developed there we want to

338
00:14:00,710 --> 00:13:58,920
know that we're checking for life that

339
00:14:02,930 --> 00:14:00,720
developed there and not life that we

340
00:14:04,910 --> 00:14:02,940
brought along with us so this is an

341
00:14:06,730 --> 00:14:04,920
exciting study it's the first time we've

342
00:14:09,769 --> 00:14:06,740
done sampling of the space station

343
00:14:11,870 --> 00:14:09,779
externally on the U.S side and we're

344
00:14:14,690 --> 00:14:11,880
hoping to learn a lot from it

345
00:14:19,690 --> 00:14:14,700
thank you so much Dr Costello I see some

346
00:14:25,610 --> 00:14:22,910
Commander Cabana and astronachary thank

347
00:14:27,949 --> 00:14:25,620
you very much my name is Jim Reed you

348
00:14:30,050 --> 00:14:27,959
might recognize a call sign and for bfr

349
00:14:32,150 --> 00:14:30,060
I'm part of amateur radio on the

350
00:14:33,590 --> 00:14:32,160
International Space Station team and I

351
00:14:35,930 --> 00:14:33,600
want to thank you very much for your

352
00:14:38,269 --> 00:14:35,940
support of Colonel Cabana SRX and

353
00:14:41,030 --> 00:14:38,279
Astronaut Chari the heiress program when

354
00:14:43,970 --> 00:14:41,040
you were up can you talk a little bit

355
00:14:46,550 --> 00:14:43,980
about how your experience with amateur

356
00:14:48,050 --> 00:14:46,560
radio and NASA going together as well as

357
00:14:51,290 --> 00:14:48,060
I don't know if you're aware but the

358
00:14:54,170 --> 00:14:51,300
40th anniversary of ham radio contact

359
00:14:55,670 --> 00:14:54,180
from human space flight is coming up at

360
00:14:56,870 --> 00:14:55,680
the end of the year and any thoughts on

361
00:15:01,910 --> 00:14:56,880
that as well

362
00:15:05,389 --> 00:15:01,920
well I'll go first kc5 hbv uh

363
00:15:08,090 --> 00:15:05,399
I think what it did on the shuttle it it

364
00:15:10,610 --> 00:15:08,100
allows us to reach a a group of students

365
00:15:12,350 --> 00:15:10,620
of folks on the ground it just generates

366
00:15:14,509 --> 00:15:12,360
interest in science and engineering and

367
00:15:16,430 --> 00:15:14,519
you know when you go along with what is

368
00:15:18,350 --> 00:15:16,440
required for to build a radio to operate

369
00:15:20,210 --> 00:15:18,360
a radio and communicate with somebody in

370
00:15:23,569 --> 00:15:20,220
space that's really cool and to be able

371
00:15:25,250 --> 00:15:23,579
to reach down to students from space and

372
00:15:27,350 --> 00:15:25,260
be able to share with them over

373
00:15:29,269 --> 00:15:27,360
shortwave radio I thought it was really

374
00:15:30,769 --> 00:15:29,279
a fun thing to do yeah I enjoy it I

375
00:15:33,050 --> 00:15:30,779
think it's uh you mentioned it's kind of

376
00:15:35,930 --> 00:15:33,060
a Capstone project for for students and

377
00:15:37,189 --> 00:15:35,940
it's a it's a cool thing to actually do

378
00:15:38,870 --> 00:15:37,199
with the project so you're not just

379
00:15:40,009 --> 00:15:38,880
building a radio or you know going

380
00:15:41,329 --> 00:15:40,019
through the mechanics of it you actually

381
00:15:42,949 --> 00:15:41,339
get to use it at the end and then to

382
00:15:44,990 --> 00:15:42,959
talk to the space station was is pretty

383
00:15:47,689 --> 00:15:45,000
awesome I got to talk to some Japanese

384
00:15:48,710 --> 00:15:47,699
students uh and it was it yeah it was

385
00:15:50,870 --> 00:15:48,720
definitely a highlight oh you actually

386
00:15:52,610 --> 00:15:50,880
we used it in one of our Sims as well

387
00:15:54,530 --> 00:15:52,620
because if you lose space to ground

388
00:15:56,870 --> 00:15:54,540
loops and the Russian com system you can

389
00:16:00,050 --> 00:15:56,880
actually use the ham radio so that's a

390
00:16:01,370 --> 00:16:00,060
it is a tertiary a quadriciary backup if

391
00:16:02,870 --> 00:16:01,380
you if you will and you have to then

392
00:16:04,310 --> 00:16:02,880
convince the person on the ground that

393
00:16:06,230 --> 00:16:04,320
you're not hoaxing him like no kidding

394
00:16:07,430 --> 00:16:06,240
this is the ISS go call someone call

395
00:16:09,290 --> 00:16:07,440
Houston

396
00:16:10,490 --> 00:16:09,300
um but uh yeah so it's got a it's got a

397
00:16:13,430 --> 00:16:10,500
practical side too other than the

398
00:16:15,009 --> 00:16:13,440
educational part thanks for asking Jim

399
00:16:17,030 --> 00:16:15,019
yeah thank you both for those answers

400
00:16:20,269 --> 00:16:17,040
any more questions in the room I see

401
00:16:23,150 --> 00:16:20,279
some hands over here in this corner

402
00:16:24,769 --> 00:16:23,160
hi my name is Jen cotton I was a science

403
00:16:26,810 --> 00:16:24,779
teacher here in Brevard County so I just

404
00:16:28,670 --> 00:16:26,820
wanted to tell you all thank you for

405
00:16:30,350 --> 00:16:28,680
sending student projects up on this

406
00:16:32,329 --> 00:16:30,360
Mission and making those dreams come

407
00:16:34,550 --> 00:16:32,339
true for those kids I know as a child

408
00:16:36,530 --> 00:16:34,560
being a science nerd that is something

409
00:16:38,329 --> 00:16:36,540
that would have been amazing I have

410
00:16:42,470 --> 00:16:38,339
something for our scientists up here in

411
00:16:45,530 --> 00:16:42,480
ISS how do you manage a project from

412
00:16:47,870 --> 00:16:45,540
conception of a question to data

413
00:16:50,449 --> 00:16:47,880
collection and Analysis when you're

414
00:16:52,970 --> 00:16:50,459
rotating out staff and as a chief

415
00:16:54,889 --> 00:16:52,980
scientist on a traditional Expeditions

416
00:16:58,129 --> 00:16:54,899
you're going to be the one on the ship

417
00:17:01,370 --> 00:16:58,139
or on the facility working at how does

418
00:17:07,370 --> 00:17:05,210
I I think that was for me and I'll say I

419
00:17:10,069 --> 00:17:07,380
I have not gotten to go on an expedition

420
00:17:12,829 --> 00:17:10,079
yet it would be most enjoyable to do so

421
00:17:15,350 --> 00:17:12,839
but um uh no that's that's a great

422
00:17:17,990 --> 00:17:15,360
question the way NASA works is we have a

423
00:17:20,390 --> 00:17:18,000
number of science sponsors uh from

424
00:17:22,850 --> 00:17:20,400
within the agency and also through our

425
00:17:25,970 --> 00:17:22,860
ISS National Laboratory partner we've

426
00:17:28,610 --> 00:17:25,980
got other government agencies commercial

427
00:17:32,990 --> 00:17:28,620
entities that want to fly science to ISS

428
00:17:35,330 --> 00:17:33,000
so you it's a it's a really big problem

429
00:17:36,710 --> 00:17:35,340
because you have to integrate across all

430
00:17:39,230 --> 00:17:36,720
of these different agencies different

431
00:17:41,029 --> 00:17:39,240
divisions within the agency that all

432
00:17:44,270 --> 00:17:41,039
have uh you know they start with a

433
00:17:48,169 --> 00:17:44,280
hypothesis and uh then then a scientist

434
00:17:50,510 --> 00:17:48,179
uh gets selected uh is given a grant or

435
00:17:52,970 --> 00:17:50,520
is sometimes in the case of commercial

436
00:17:54,830 --> 00:17:52,980
paying their own way now and they're

437
00:17:55,570 --> 00:17:54,840
coming forward with their project of

438
00:17:58,490 --> 00:17:55,580
course

439
00:18:00,650 --> 00:17:58,500
most often they've never done research

440
00:18:02,870 --> 00:18:00,660
in microgravity before they have no idea

441
00:18:04,970 --> 00:18:02,880
what it takes to get from their

442
00:18:07,370 --> 00:18:04,980
laboratory benchtop experiment that

443
00:18:09,289 --> 00:18:07,380
they're doing on the ground to the space

444
00:18:12,409 --> 00:18:09,299
station and to be able to operate that

445
00:18:13,690 --> 00:18:12,419
safely to be able to contain all the

446
00:18:16,370 --> 00:18:13,700
harmful

447
00:18:18,770 --> 00:18:16,380
components potentially of that to be

448
00:18:21,110 --> 00:18:18,780
able to conform to the Space Station's

449
00:18:24,110 --> 00:18:21,120
electrical systems Data Systems things

450
00:18:26,930 --> 00:18:24,120
like that and that's really where the

451
00:18:29,630 --> 00:18:26,940
ISS program office comes in we help them

452
00:18:31,430 --> 00:18:29,640
navigate all of those those minefields

453
00:18:34,370 --> 00:18:31,440
along along the way get them packaged

454
00:18:36,529 --> 00:18:34,380
get them prepped work with our folks at

455
00:18:39,169 --> 00:18:36,539
Marshall to get procedures for the crew

456
00:18:41,390 --> 00:18:39,179
to be able to operate the payload safely

457
00:18:43,669 --> 00:18:41,400
and then all of that comes together in

458
00:18:45,830 --> 00:18:43,679
these wonderful missions the Expeditions

459
00:18:47,750 --> 00:18:45,840
that we have and then even then we're

460
00:18:49,310 --> 00:18:47,760
still not done we've got samples that

461
00:18:52,730 --> 00:18:49,320
now need to come back down to the ground

462
00:18:54,770 --> 00:18:52,740
for analysis so there are a lot of folks

463
00:18:56,930 --> 00:18:54,780
on the logistics side that help us pack

464
00:18:59,450 --> 00:18:56,940
everything so we can get the absolute

465
00:19:01,669 --> 00:18:59,460
efficiency out of the vehicles that we

466
00:19:02,930 --> 00:19:01,679
need they return those samples and then

467
00:19:05,210 --> 00:19:02,940
the scientists finally have their

468
00:19:07,789 --> 00:19:05,220
samples for analysis so it is a really

469
00:19:09,830 --> 00:19:07,799
big process and again there are many

470
00:19:10,970 --> 00:19:09,840
many different sponsors for the space

471
00:19:12,830 --> 00:19:10,980
station and I don't know if you wanted

472
00:19:14,390 --> 00:19:12,840
to add on the National Labs yeah I can

473
00:19:16,730 --> 00:19:14,400
definitely add to that um and actually

474
00:19:17,750 --> 00:19:16,740
this is a great question and it also

475
00:19:19,730 --> 00:19:17,760
kind of got me thinking about the

476
00:19:20,810 --> 00:19:19,740
question you had about checklists and so

477
00:19:22,070 --> 00:19:20,820
you know think about it from a

478
00:19:23,990 --> 00:19:22,080
standpoint if you wanted to send this

479
00:19:25,549 --> 00:19:24,000
pen to the space station you can't just

480
00:19:27,529 --> 00:19:25,559
send this thing up by itself it has to

481
00:19:29,570 --> 00:19:27,539
go in Flight certified Hardware there's

482
00:19:32,210 --> 00:19:29,580
a variety of companies entities that can

483
00:19:34,430 --> 00:19:32,220
work alongside a research team to be

484
00:19:35,510 --> 00:19:34,440
able to take this pen and say okay we're

485
00:19:37,970 --> 00:19:35,520
going to send this to the space station

486
00:19:40,490 --> 00:19:37,980
in this facility and it's going to do X

487
00:19:42,470 --> 00:19:40,500
Y and Z so oftentimes as Dr Costello

488
00:19:44,570 --> 00:19:42,480
alluded to you might have an initial

489
00:19:46,130 --> 00:19:44,580
concept of what you want to do but there

490
00:19:48,529 --> 00:19:46,140
are constraints some what it is that you

491
00:19:50,870 --> 00:19:48,539
have the availability to leverage on the

492
00:19:52,490 --> 00:19:50,880
space station so there's again NASA

493
00:19:54,169 --> 00:19:52,500
there's ISS National Lab there's other

494
00:19:56,210 --> 00:19:54,179
sponsors there's companies that can all

495
00:19:58,430 --> 00:19:56,220
work alongside a research team to be

496
00:20:00,350 --> 00:19:58,440
able to take their their thought and

497
00:20:03,110 --> 00:20:00,360
make it reality so it really is a

498
00:20:04,730 --> 00:20:03,120
collaborate collaborative effort from a

499
00:20:06,770 --> 00:20:04,740
lot of entities that all work in unison

500
00:20:09,650 --> 00:20:06,780
to again try to make this this come to

501
00:20:12,289 --> 00:20:09,660
fruition so and you you also alluded to

502
00:20:14,029 --> 00:20:12,299
student investigations from a National

503
00:20:15,650 --> 00:20:14,039
Lab perspective we actually put out a

504
00:20:17,810 --> 00:20:15,660
variety of research announcements that

505
00:20:20,690 --> 00:20:17,820
are focused specifically towards either

506
00:20:22,370 --> 00:20:20,700
education or Workforce Development so

507
00:20:24,110 --> 00:20:22,380
and there's also a lot of programs we

508
00:20:25,669 --> 00:20:24,120
work with through the students Baseline

509
00:20:27,049 --> 00:20:25,679
experiments program there's going to be

510
00:20:30,049 --> 00:20:27,059
an investigation that's launching later

511
00:20:31,250 --> 00:20:30,059
this summer from genes in space which is

512
00:20:32,570 --> 00:20:31,260
as it sounds you're going to be

513
00:20:35,450 --> 00:20:32,580
launching genetic experiments to the

514
00:20:37,250 --> 00:20:35,460
space station so you really do open up a

515
00:20:38,930 --> 00:20:37,260
wide array of opportunities for students

516
00:20:41,090 --> 00:20:38,940
to get involved both from an engineering

517
00:20:43,310 --> 00:20:41,100
side of the house as well as uh from

518
00:20:44,630 --> 00:20:43,320
actually launching science itself and

519
00:20:45,950 --> 00:20:44,640
and even having the opportunity to

520
00:20:46,970 --> 00:20:45,960
potentially publish some of those

521
00:20:48,470 --> 00:20:46,980
findings

522
00:20:49,430 --> 00:20:48,480
um so and at the end of the day I think

523
00:20:51,289 --> 00:20:49,440
that that's ultimately what we're

524
00:20:52,909 --> 00:20:51,299
looking for is uh we're kind of dubbing

525
00:20:55,430 --> 00:20:52,919
this the decade of results on the space

526
00:20:56,630 --> 00:20:55,440
station so anytime we have the chance to

527
00:20:59,029 --> 00:20:56,640
talk about some of those results people

528
00:21:01,850 --> 00:20:59,039
want to bring that out to the community

529
00:21:03,710 --> 00:21:01,860
thanks so much Kurt and Patrick

530
00:21:05,150 --> 00:21:03,720
got some more in the back and then also

531
00:21:07,070 --> 00:21:05,160
in the front here

532
00:21:08,930 --> 00:21:07,080
my name is James brierton from Charlotte

533
00:21:10,669 --> 00:21:08,940
North Carolina my question is for Raj

534
00:21:12,950 --> 00:21:10,679
your trained professional but as a human

535
00:21:14,390 --> 00:21:12,960
being I wonder what it's like dealing

536
00:21:16,370 --> 00:21:14,400
with the suspense waiting to find out

537
00:21:18,350 --> 00:21:16,380
who's going to fly Artemis 2 3 and

538
00:21:19,789 --> 00:21:18,360
Beyond it's actually pretty easy because

539
00:21:21,409 --> 00:21:19,799
I'd be happy for with anyone in the

540
00:21:23,510 --> 00:21:21,419
office to do it I mean I think the the

541
00:21:25,010 --> 00:21:23,520
whole reason I applied again twice I

542
00:21:26,750 --> 00:21:25,020
applied once and didn't make it in the

543
00:21:29,570 --> 00:21:26,760
reason I applied again was everyone in

544
00:21:31,190 --> 00:21:29,580
the office is awesome so I would yeah I

545
00:21:33,409 --> 00:21:31,200
I don't think it matters who it is we'll

546
00:21:35,750 --> 00:21:33,419
all be excited and all fall in line to

547
00:21:37,130 --> 00:21:35,760
support that person and those people I

548
00:21:38,930 --> 00:21:37,140
think you know we were actually talking

549
00:21:40,250 --> 00:21:38,940
I was talking to some of the PA folks I

550
00:21:41,810 --> 00:21:40,260
think the most common misconception

551
00:21:43,970 --> 00:21:41,820
about astronauts is that our job is to

552
00:21:45,110 --> 00:21:43,980
fly in space that is a job but most of

553
00:21:46,370 --> 00:21:45,120
our jobs not flying in space you

554
00:21:48,350 --> 00:21:46,380
mentioned 28 years which is the same

555
00:21:50,270 --> 00:21:48,360
number Tom marshburn who was my pilot on

556
00:21:52,610 --> 00:21:50,280
crew 3 was in the office and so out of

557
00:21:55,490 --> 00:21:52,620
28 years in the office he flew like 500

558
00:21:56,570 --> 00:21:55,500
some days but that that's a when you

559
00:21:58,490 --> 00:21:56,580
look at the percentage that's a small

560
00:21:59,810 --> 00:21:58,500
amount but it's flying in space is

561
00:22:01,850 --> 00:21:59,820
awesome don't be wrong but we love our

562
00:22:02,990 --> 00:22:01,860
day job so whether it was helping with a

563
00:22:05,090 --> 00:22:03,000
commercial crew and working with Dana

564
00:22:07,190 --> 00:22:05,100
before I flew or helping with hls and

565
00:22:09,710 --> 00:22:07,200
Orlando now that is super exciting stuff

566
00:22:11,510 --> 00:22:09,720
and so yeah I would love to get assigned

567
00:22:13,730 --> 00:22:11,520
to Artemis everyone would but I'll we

568
00:22:16,789 --> 00:22:13,740
also love our job

569
00:22:19,190 --> 00:22:16,799
thanks so much Raja

570
00:22:21,470 --> 00:22:19,200
hi uh my name is Blake I run a YouTube

571
00:22:23,510 --> 00:22:21,480
channel called uh Professor marbles I do

572
00:22:24,890 --> 00:22:23,520
elementary science experiments and I

573
00:22:25,970 --> 00:22:24,900
have a question from a fifth grade

574
00:22:28,909 --> 00:22:25,980
student

575
00:22:31,730 --> 00:22:28,919
it's for our astronaut friend they want

576
00:22:36,950 --> 00:22:33,529
they want to know how does it feel when

577
00:22:38,830 --> 00:22:36,960
you come back is it fun or scary uh so I

578
00:22:41,029 --> 00:22:38,840
thought it was awesome

579
00:22:42,590 --> 00:22:41,039
so I thought it was way better than

580
00:22:46,029 --> 00:22:42,600
launch and it's because you're

581
00:22:48,590 --> 00:22:46,039
deconditioned and so your brain

582
00:22:49,850 --> 00:22:48,600
interprets so the fluid in your ear

583
00:22:51,770 --> 00:22:49,860
canals is still moving when you're in

584
00:22:52,549 --> 00:22:51,780
space but your brain kind of interprets

585
00:22:54,230 --> 00:22:52,559
it differently so when you're coming

586
00:22:55,909 --> 00:22:54,240
back even though the capsule is kind of

587
00:22:57,289 --> 00:22:55,919
just doing this through the air it feels

588
00:22:59,390 --> 00:22:57,299
like someone's got you by the heel and

589
00:23:01,490 --> 00:22:59,400
just like went like winging you all over

590
00:23:03,529 --> 00:23:01,500
the place so I will say like the bad

591
00:23:05,210 --> 00:23:03,539
side about being a fighter pilot is

592
00:23:07,010 --> 00:23:05,220
theme parks and amusement parks are

593
00:23:09,890 --> 00:23:07,020
pretty lame so I ride with my kids and

594
00:23:11,210 --> 00:23:09,900
it's like okay like this is boring and

595
00:23:13,490 --> 00:23:11,220
so that was the first time in a long

596
00:23:15,169 --> 00:23:13,500
time that I was like this is awesome I

597
00:23:15,950 --> 00:23:15,179
don't know what's going on this I like

598
00:23:21,049 --> 00:23:15,960
it

599
00:23:22,789 --> 00:23:21,059
takes about 24 to 48 hours for that to

600
00:23:24,710 --> 00:23:22,799
go away and then about a week to get

601
00:23:27,890 --> 00:23:24,720
like stability back and then about a

602
00:23:29,630 --> 00:23:27,900
month for my kind of full functioning if

603
00:23:31,669 --> 00:23:29,640
you will and then potential years for

604
00:23:34,330 --> 00:23:31,679
bone loss so it's it's different phases

605
00:23:37,310 --> 00:23:34,340
for what recovery you're talking about

606
00:23:38,870 --> 00:23:37,320
and I know Kurt knows all about the

607
00:23:40,310 --> 00:23:38,880
human science we're doing but as soon as

608
00:23:42,409 --> 00:23:40,320
we come back there's things going into

609
00:23:43,610 --> 00:23:42,419
us anything coming out of us is getting

610
00:23:46,610 --> 00:23:43,620
collected because there's a whole lot of

611
00:23:50,029 --> 00:23:47,990
oh thank you so much for that answer

612
00:23:54,409 --> 00:23:50,039
Raja

613
00:23:59,029 --> 00:23:57,350
hi I'm Sarah I'm from Philadelphia but I

614
00:24:01,070 --> 00:23:59,039
actually live in Italy so I flew all the

615
00:24:02,810 --> 00:24:01,080
way over here to see you guys

616
00:24:05,029 --> 00:24:02,820
um I do have a question

617
00:24:07,850 --> 00:24:05,039
sorry my voice a little bit down

618
00:24:11,810 --> 00:24:07,860
um do you ever get time to manually fly

619
00:24:13,909 --> 00:24:11,820
the dragon spacecraft in orbit

620
00:24:16,190 --> 00:24:13,919
uh well so Dana can probably speak more

621
00:24:18,710 --> 00:24:16,200
to the like the setup of it I'll say if

622
00:24:21,529 --> 00:24:18,720
everything goes correctly then no that's

623
00:24:23,090 --> 00:24:21,539
not that's not required I'd say very

624
00:24:25,430 --> 00:24:23,100
much like all of our training at NASA or

625
00:24:27,950 --> 00:24:25,440
in the Department of Defense we train 99

626
00:24:29,330 --> 00:24:27,960
of our training is spent on the one

627
00:24:30,529 --> 00:24:29,340
percent thing that you hope never

628
00:24:31,630 --> 00:24:30,539
happens

629
00:24:34,430 --> 00:24:31,640
um so

630
00:24:36,529 --> 00:24:34,440
that yes if everything goes correctly no

631
00:24:38,690 --> 00:24:36,539
Dana can probably speak to like the demo

632
00:24:40,250 --> 00:24:38,700
too did do some manual flying yeah I

633
00:24:41,750 --> 00:24:40,260
would just say that you know one of the

634
00:24:43,789 --> 00:24:41,760
thing requirements that we had is to

635
00:24:45,649 --> 00:24:43,799
have this backup capability should the

636
00:24:48,230 --> 00:24:45,659
should you need that contingency where

637
00:24:50,149 --> 00:24:48,240
we would need to to manually fly but the

638
00:24:52,310 --> 00:24:50,159
hope is is that it's all autonomous and

639
00:24:55,010 --> 00:24:52,320
that everything is working very smooth

640
00:24:56,630 --> 00:24:55,020
and operationally

641
00:24:57,590 --> 00:24:56,640
thank you both we actually have one

642
00:25:00,830 --> 00:24:57,600
question that we want to take from

643
00:25:03,230 --> 00:25:00,840
Twitter real quick for uh Dana today is

644
00:25:05,690 --> 00:25:03,240
introduce a girl to engineering day so

645
00:25:07,909 --> 00:25:05,700
that's a very important observance uh

646
00:25:10,370 --> 00:25:07,919
what do you love about being an engineer

647
00:25:12,110 --> 00:25:10,380
oh man there's so many things but

648
00:25:14,690 --> 00:25:12,120
um you know it was kind of a dream of

649
00:25:16,850 --> 00:25:14,700
mine when I was young uh I was always

650
00:25:18,230 --> 00:25:16,860
interested in science and math and I'm

651
00:25:19,669 --> 00:25:18,240
sorry for the teachers that are out

652
00:25:21,950 --> 00:25:19,679
there but I was not the best in the

653
00:25:24,169 --> 00:25:21,960
class I was not the the top of the class

654
00:25:27,409 --> 00:25:24,179
you know I was always loving the space

655
00:25:29,690 --> 00:25:27,419
or the science and math but I really got

656
00:25:32,630 --> 00:25:29,700
interested in in engineering after

657
00:25:34,730 --> 00:25:32,640
talking to some other women leaders and

658
00:25:37,430 --> 00:25:34,740
women Engineers too I had an assignment

659
00:25:39,769 --> 00:25:37,440
in high school to go and talk to some

660
00:25:42,049 --> 00:25:39,779
professional interests that you have and

661
00:25:43,549 --> 00:25:42,059
talk to some people I interviewed a

662
00:25:45,470 --> 00:25:43,559
couple of folks and three of them

663
00:25:47,390 --> 00:25:45,480
happened to be women engineers and I

664
00:25:50,510 --> 00:25:47,400
decided pretty much that day that was

665
00:25:53,029 --> 00:25:50,520
what I wanted to go do so I went to a a

666
00:25:56,330 --> 00:25:53,039
college or university nearby my hometown

667
00:25:58,669 --> 00:25:56,340
at Georgia Tech and decided coming out

668
00:26:01,070 --> 00:25:58,679
of there that I wanted to combine my

669
00:26:03,409 --> 00:26:01,080
love of engineering and how how things

670
00:26:06,350 --> 00:26:03,419
work and understanding like the science

671
00:26:08,630 --> 00:26:06,360
behind how things work and combine that

672
00:26:10,909 --> 00:26:08,640
with my love of space and it up down

673
00:26:13,010 --> 00:26:10,919
here at Kennedy Space Center about 20

674
00:26:15,470 --> 00:26:13,020
years 22 years ago or so

675
00:26:17,330 --> 00:26:15,480
nice thank you so much Dana

676
00:26:18,470 --> 00:26:17,340
back to the room we have some here in

677
00:26:20,330 --> 00:26:18,480
the front

678
00:26:23,690 --> 00:26:20,340
hello my name is John Nubian from New

679
00:26:25,250 --> 00:26:23,700
York City a question for overall ISS and

680
00:26:27,289 --> 00:26:25,260
into the science what is the most

681
00:26:30,049 --> 00:26:27,299
significant experiment to come out of

682
00:26:32,510 --> 00:26:30,059
the ISS since it's been in orbit and for

683
00:26:34,970 --> 00:26:32,520
this launch or this Mission specifically

684
00:26:37,010 --> 00:26:34,980
besides the Eva experiment what other

685
00:26:40,250 --> 00:26:37,020
experiment is uh are you looking forward

686
00:26:45,470 --> 00:26:42,649
that's a tough question to answer not

687
00:26:47,330 --> 00:26:45,480
not because there isn't a lot of stuff

688
00:26:50,149 --> 00:26:47,340
that that has been very exciting but

689
00:26:53,990 --> 00:26:50,159
it's because of that uh we've had over 3

690
00:26:56,930 --> 00:26:54,000
500 investigations fly to the ISS and

691
00:26:59,210 --> 00:26:56,940
some of them have been really important

692
00:27:02,210 --> 00:26:59,220
for developing not only benefits for

693
00:27:04,850 --> 00:27:02,220
NASA to to continue our exploration

694
00:27:06,230 --> 00:27:04,860
Mission but to return benefits to the

695
00:27:08,870 --> 00:27:06,240
Earth and some of the ones you might

696
00:27:11,390 --> 00:27:08,880
have heard about recently are some

697
00:27:13,430 --> 00:27:11,400
protein crystallization experiments

698
00:27:17,230 --> 00:27:13,440
where we're looking at how to make

699
00:27:20,409 --> 00:27:17,240
infusions of a cancer drug keytruda

700
00:27:23,390 --> 00:27:20,419
which is normally given through infusion

701
00:27:26,990 --> 00:27:23,400
by making the particles more

702
00:27:28,970 --> 00:27:27,000
standardized and smaller we're trying to

703
00:27:31,850 --> 00:27:28,980
get to a method where you can give that

704
00:27:35,510 --> 00:27:31,860
by injection instead of a clinical

705
00:27:38,269 --> 00:27:35,520
setting that that takes time and is

706
00:27:39,950 --> 00:27:38,279
considerably more painful than an

707
00:27:42,289 --> 00:27:39,960
injection would be so we're trying to

708
00:27:44,450 --> 00:27:42,299
really really use the benefits of the

709
00:27:46,250 --> 00:27:44,460
microgravity environment to return

710
00:27:48,710 --> 00:27:46,260
benefits for people here on Earth

711
00:27:49,970 --> 00:27:48,720
there's a great publication that we just

712
00:27:53,930 --> 00:27:49,980
put out last year it's called the

713
00:27:56,630 --> 00:27:53,940
benefits of for Humanity 2022 and this

714
00:27:59,810 --> 00:27:56,640
highlights a lot of those stories about

715
00:28:03,710 --> 00:27:59,820
our research and how it returns benefits

716
00:28:07,010 --> 00:28:03,720
to the human population now we're doing

717
00:28:08,930 --> 00:28:07,020
some other great research on on this

718
00:28:11,990 --> 00:28:08,940
increment we've got an investigation

719
00:28:13,789 --> 00:28:12,000
going up called brick 26 and brick

720
00:28:15,409 --> 00:28:13,799
stands for biological research in

721
00:28:17,330 --> 00:28:15,419
canisters so when you think about it

722
00:28:19,730 --> 00:28:17,340
there are petri dishes but in these

723
00:28:22,870 --> 00:28:19,740
petri dishes we're putting up a

724
00:28:25,130 --> 00:28:22,880
bactillus subtilis

725
00:28:27,230 --> 00:28:25,140
microorganism and we're looking at it

726
00:28:30,169 --> 00:28:27,240
for some very very fundamental reasons

727
00:28:33,710 --> 00:28:30,179
we want to understand the the process

728
00:28:37,070 --> 00:28:33,720
behind DNA supercoiling and this is how

729
00:28:40,669 --> 00:28:37,080
dnas can really wound them while in

730
00:28:42,710 --> 00:28:40,679
themselves up tightly and more more

731
00:28:45,110 --> 00:28:42,720
efficiently pack themselves within a

732
00:28:48,289 --> 00:28:45,120
cell structure they can also get

733
00:28:50,450 --> 00:28:48,299
Negative supercoiling where they expand

734
00:28:53,210 --> 00:28:50,460
and get harder to pack so we're looking

735
00:28:55,549 --> 00:28:53,220
at the impact of microgravity on that

736
00:28:59,149 --> 00:28:55,559
feature so we can understand at a

737
00:29:01,450 --> 00:28:59,159
genetic level what's happening to our

738
00:29:04,070 --> 00:29:01,460
DNA in space flight

739
00:29:06,769 --> 00:29:04,080
and that is probably one of the most

740
00:29:08,570 --> 00:29:06,779
profound things that we found through

741
00:29:11,870 --> 00:29:08,580
years of space flight it's that

742
00:29:14,750 --> 00:29:11,880
microgravity in and of itself impacts

743
00:29:20,110 --> 00:29:14,760
every living organism on a cellular

744
00:29:23,810 --> 00:29:20,120
level so it is doing things the way we

745
00:29:26,510 --> 00:29:23,820
express genes changes our transcriptome

746
00:29:29,570 --> 00:29:26,520
exchange and that changes the overall

747
00:29:31,909 --> 00:29:29,580
organism now a lot of that as evidence

748
00:29:34,909 --> 00:29:31,919
shows is reversible but some of it we

749
00:29:39,169 --> 00:29:34,919
need to understand if it is a permanent

750
00:29:41,690 --> 00:29:39,179
what what that is doing to both our crew

751
00:29:43,549 --> 00:29:41,700
members and maybe their food sources so

752
00:29:45,769 --> 00:29:43,559
a lot of the plant research that we do

753
00:29:48,169 --> 00:29:45,779
there's an investigation called vegofi

754
00:29:50,570 --> 00:29:48,179
which is growing tomato plants is really

755
00:29:52,669 --> 00:29:50,580
how do we Supply our crew members with

756
00:29:54,649 --> 00:29:52,679
nutrients and are they as good as the

757
00:29:56,690 --> 00:29:54,659
Earth grown nutrients and can we use it

758
00:29:58,370 --> 00:29:56,700
to supplement diet for long duration

759
00:29:59,990 --> 00:29:58,380
exploration

760
00:30:01,909 --> 00:30:00,000
Patrick want to add anything from the

761
00:30:02,990 --> 00:30:01,919
National Life absolutely so uh you asked

762
00:30:05,090 --> 00:30:03,000
the perfect question because you

763
00:30:06,529 --> 00:30:05,100
basically my entire cheat sheet is

764
00:30:08,510 --> 00:30:06,539
predicated on what it was that you just

765
00:30:09,769 --> 00:30:08,520
asked so thank you very much

766
00:30:11,450 --> 00:30:09,779
um yeah so from a National Lab

767
00:30:12,889 --> 00:30:11,460
perspective there's going to be a lot of

768
00:30:13,850 --> 00:30:12,899
Investigations that are flying over the

769
00:30:15,769 --> 00:30:13,860
next couple of months that the

770
00:30:17,570 --> 00:30:15,779
astronauts will be supporting

771
00:30:19,190 --> 00:30:17,580
um you you also asked too like you know

772
00:30:21,769 --> 00:30:19,200
what is one thing that really stands out

773
00:30:23,510 --> 00:30:21,779
uh a very long tenured project that has

774
00:30:25,789 --> 00:30:23,520
been happening for what 15 years I want

775
00:30:28,070 --> 00:30:25,799
to say is the Alpha Medic spectrometer

776
00:30:29,450 --> 00:30:28,080
or AMS so that's been going up for a

777
00:30:31,610 --> 00:30:29,460
very very long period of time so that's

778
00:30:33,710 --> 00:30:31,620
one example of a project that has a very

779
00:30:36,110 --> 00:30:33,720
long lifespan but projects will be

780
00:30:37,850 --> 00:30:36,120
flying during this increment uh anybody

781
00:30:40,490 --> 00:30:37,860
ever heard tissue chips

782
00:30:41,870 --> 00:30:40,500
so tissue chips oh I see Rachel in the

783
00:30:43,549 --> 00:30:41,880
background she was excited about that

784
00:30:45,110 --> 00:30:43,559
all right so tissue chips think of like

785
00:30:47,750 --> 00:30:45,120
a little thumb drive

786
00:30:48,710 --> 00:30:47,760
um it mimics the human physiology so

787
00:30:50,149 --> 00:30:48,720
you're basically having this little

788
00:30:52,430 --> 00:30:50,159
thumb drive where you can have human

789
00:30:53,690 --> 00:30:52,440
cells and tissues inside of them and

790
00:30:55,250 --> 00:30:53,700
you're going to be like floating around

791
00:30:57,950 --> 00:30:55,260
and thinking that you're in a normal

792
00:30:59,269 --> 00:30:57,960
human body and you're able to send this

793
00:31:01,190 --> 00:30:59,279
to the space station what's unique about

794
00:31:03,049 --> 00:31:01,200
this is that previously we've not really

795
00:31:05,510 --> 00:31:03,059
had an opportunity to do a lot of human

796
00:31:07,250 --> 00:31:05,520
testing of cells and tissues um the

797
00:31:09,549 --> 00:31:07,260
astronauts obviously a lot of things are

798
00:31:11,810 --> 00:31:09,559
done to ensure that their bodies are

799
00:31:13,669 --> 00:31:11,820
maintaining but that's not something

800
00:31:15,950 --> 00:31:13,679
that's open to the general population to

801
00:31:17,389 --> 00:31:15,960
leverage for investigative purposes so

802
00:31:19,010 --> 00:31:17,399
we were able to leverage these tissue

803
00:31:20,630 --> 00:31:19,020
chips by sending these human cells and

804
00:31:22,730 --> 00:31:20,640
tissues up so that that way we don't

805
00:31:24,649 --> 00:31:22,740
we're not Reliant upon model organisms

806
00:31:26,570 --> 00:31:24,659
or things of that nature but you're able

807
00:31:28,070 --> 00:31:26,580
to get that one-to-one comparison factor

808
00:31:30,710 --> 00:31:28,080
and possibly test things like

809
00:31:33,470 --> 00:31:30,720
Therapeutics or ways to mitigate

810
00:31:34,669 --> 00:31:33,480
elements like cardiac issues so on this

811
00:31:36,110 --> 00:31:34,679
Mission we will be having multiple

812
00:31:37,669 --> 00:31:36,120
tissue chip investigations that are

813
00:31:38,870 --> 00:31:37,679
flying that are funded through one of

814
00:31:41,269 --> 00:31:38,880
the centers within the National

815
00:31:43,370 --> 00:31:41,279
Institutes of Health we also have a

816
00:31:44,690 --> 00:31:43,380
variety of Investigations that will be

817
00:31:46,490 --> 00:31:44,700
funded by the National Science

818
00:31:48,049 --> 00:31:46,500
Foundation looking at both tissue

819
00:31:50,389 --> 00:31:48,059
engineering as well as transport

820
00:31:51,350 --> 00:31:50,399
phenomena and physical sciences so it

821
00:31:55,130 --> 00:31:51,360
really demonstrates kind of that

822
00:31:56,210 --> 00:31:55,140
diversification of r d uh Dr Costello

823
00:31:57,169 --> 00:31:56,220
let's talk a little bit about some of

824
00:31:58,850 --> 00:31:57,179
the things that NASA is going to be

825
00:32:01,130 --> 00:31:58,860
focused on from an Eva perspective

826
00:32:02,630 --> 00:32:01,140
outside of the space station but we will

827
00:32:04,190 --> 00:32:02,640
also be sending a lot of payloads that

828
00:32:06,110 --> 00:32:04,200
will be leveraging this external

829
00:32:07,909 --> 00:32:06,120
platforms on stations where you will

830
00:32:10,669 --> 00:32:07,919
have extreme temperature variances

831
00:32:14,810 --> 00:32:10,679
Atomic oxygen spikes radiation spikes so

832
00:32:16,789 --> 00:32:14,820
you can truly put you know a material to

833
00:32:19,250 --> 00:32:16,799
the ultimate test and see how it reacts

834
00:32:20,750 --> 00:32:19,260
in that space environment and hopefully

835
00:32:23,090 --> 00:32:20,760
extrapolate that bring that down and

836
00:32:26,330 --> 00:32:23,100
create a better stronger product for for

837
00:32:28,909 --> 00:32:26,340
us here on Earth and then one of the

838
00:32:29,810 --> 00:32:28,919
ones I think that it to me personally I

839
00:32:33,470 --> 00:32:29,820
think is almost kind of like the

840
00:32:35,450 --> 00:32:33,480
sci-fi-esque is we have a biofabrication

841
00:32:38,210 --> 00:32:35,460
facility on the space station so this is

842
00:32:40,010 --> 00:32:38,220
a a bioprinter and the thought is that

843
00:32:41,990 --> 00:32:40,020
maybe that microgravity environment

844
00:32:45,230 --> 00:32:42,000
could help to allow for us to print

845
00:32:48,769 --> 00:32:45,240
things like tissues and and organs for

846
00:32:51,049 --> 00:32:48,779
they can be transported from space to

847
00:32:52,370 --> 00:32:51,059
patients here on Earth now that's way

848
00:32:55,250 --> 00:32:52,380
down the road and that's you know again

849
00:32:56,450 --> 00:32:55,260
uh an exciting opportunity for us but

850
00:32:58,850 --> 00:32:56,460
it's that notion again that this

851
00:33:01,250 --> 00:32:58,860
microgravity environment can really open

852
00:33:03,169 --> 00:33:01,260
up avenues for experimentation that just

853
00:33:04,850 --> 00:33:03,179
can't be replicated in the same manner

854
00:33:06,830 --> 00:33:04,860
here on Earth and I think that's you

855
00:33:07,850 --> 00:33:06,840
know a pretty quick little breakdown of

856
00:33:09,289 --> 00:33:07,860
some of the signs that's going to be

857
00:33:10,549 --> 00:33:09,299
flying from a National Lab perspective

858
00:33:12,289 --> 00:33:10,559
but again it's going to be a really

859
00:33:14,210 --> 00:33:12,299
action-packed couple of months and the

860
00:33:15,769 --> 00:33:14,220
astronaut's going to be very busy

861
00:33:17,450 --> 00:33:15,779
Kurt Patrick thank you so much for

862
00:33:18,769 --> 00:33:17,460
tagging me that question we do have one

863
00:33:21,110 --> 00:33:18,779
that we want to take from Facebook right

864
00:33:23,450 --> 00:33:21,120
now uh Shannon on Facebook wants to know

865
00:33:25,070 --> 00:33:23,460
can you tell me more about Artemis and I

866
00:33:28,070 --> 00:33:25,080
think Bob will start with you on that

867
00:33:30,830 --> 00:33:28,080
one all right so uh as everybody knows

868
00:33:33,590 --> 00:33:30,840
Artemis is a twin sister of Apollo and

869
00:33:37,090 --> 00:33:33,600
uh I think it's a very apt name for our

870
00:33:39,230 --> 00:33:37,100
next venture off to the lunar surface

871
00:33:40,610 --> 00:33:39,240
and I think you know one of the most

872
00:33:42,889 --> 00:33:40,620
important things about the Artemis

873
00:33:45,590 --> 00:33:42,899
program is when you look back on Apollo

874
00:33:47,750 --> 00:33:45,600
in the 60s and 70s it was a bunch of

875
00:33:49,909 --> 00:33:47,760
white military test pilots with some

876
00:33:52,610 --> 00:33:49,919
white scientists male scientists thrown

877
00:33:54,710 --> 00:33:52,620
in at the end and when I look at the

878
00:33:56,690 --> 00:33:54,720
first class of shuttle astronauts if

879
00:33:58,370 --> 00:33:56,700
anybody asked me what's the major thing

880
00:33:59,810 --> 00:33:58,380
the shuttle contributed to our space

881
00:34:02,090 --> 00:33:59,820
program I tell them it brought diversity

882
00:34:04,009 --> 00:34:02,100
to America's Space Program like I said

883
00:34:07,430 --> 00:34:04,019
first class had men women black white

884
00:34:08,869 --> 00:34:07,440
asian Hispanic and we have continued to

885
00:34:10,609 --> 00:34:08,879
build on that and this time when we go

886
00:34:12,950 --> 00:34:10,619
to the Moon everybody is going to be

887
00:34:15,169 --> 00:34:12,960
able to see themselves in the cruise

888
00:34:16,970 --> 00:34:15,179
that go to the Moon and how

889
00:34:19,730 --> 00:34:16,980
inspirational is that going to be for

890
00:34:21,649 --> 00:34:19,740
young girls and minorities when they can

891
00:34:23,510 --> 00:34:21,659
see that hey you know I could do that

892
00:34:25,669 --> 00:34:23,520
and I think that's going to be really

893
00:34:29,030 --> 00:34:25,679
important so I think everybody knows

894
00:34:32,030 --> 00:34:29,040
Artemis one was uh our uncrewed uh

895
00:34:34,909 --> 00:34:32,040
demonstration uh we went further from

896
00:34:37,730 --> 00:34:34,919
Earth than any human rated capsule has

897
00:34:41,030 --> 00:34:37,740
ever gone before did that skip reentry

898
00:34:42,889 --> 00:34:41,040
and we're analyzing all the data it's

899
00:34:44,750 --> 00:34:42,899
two years between Artemis one and

900
00:34:46,250 --> 00:34:44,760
Artemis 2 and that's because the

901
00:34:48,050 --> 00:34:46,260
decisions that were made in the past we

902
00:34:50,810 --> 00:34:48,060
have to get the avionics boxes out of

903
00:34:53,629 --> 00:34:50,820
Artemis one disassemble it test them out

904
00:34:55,609 --> 00:34:53,639
and then install them in Artemis 2 for

905
00:34:57,770 --> 00:34:55,619
its crude flight to the moon and then

906
00:35:00,470 --> 00:34:57,780
following hopefully within a year after

907
00:35:02,030 --> 00:35:00,480
uh that Artemis 2 launch with a crew to

908
00:35:04,970 --> 00:35:02,040
the moon on a test flight testing out

909
00:35:07,010 --> 00:35:04,980
the Orion spacecraft without landing on

910
00:35:09,230 --> 00:35:07,020
the moon we will then land on the moon

911
00:35:11,030 --> 00:35:09,240
on the next flight and pick up a Cadence

912
00:35:13,069 --> 00:35:11,040
after that we'd like to fly once a year

913
00:35:15,470 --> 00:35:13,079
but I think the the neat thing about the

914
00:35:17,030 --> 00:35:15,480
RMS program is we're not doing it like

915
00:35:18,530 --> 00:35:17,040
Apollo it's not a two or three day

916
00:35:21,770 --> 00:35:18,540
camping trip on the moon we're going

917
00:35:24,050 --> 00:35:21,780
back in a sustainable manner for as long

918
00:35:26,690 --> 00:35:24,060
as weeks at a time we're going to have

919
00:35:28,490 --> 00:35:26,700
pressurized habitats on the moon a

920
00:35:31,069 --> 00:35:28,500
pressurized Rover

921
00:35:32,990 --> 00:35:31,079
um you know the Gateway is going to be

922
00:35:34,730 --> 00:35:33,000
in orbit around the Moon allowing access

923
00:35:36,470 --> 00:35:34,740
anywhere on the lunar surface we're

924
00:35:38,210 --> 00:35:36,480
going to the South Pole of the Moon as

925
00:35:40,790 --> 00:35:38,220
opposed to the Equator the equator is

926
00:35:42,470 --> 00:35:40,800
much easier to get to but we want to go

927
00:35:44,329 --> 00:35:42,480
to the South Pole because we believe

928
00:35:47,089 --> 00:35:44,339
there are tons of water ice there and

929
00:35:48,470 --> 00:35:47,099
water is hydrogen and oxygen it's Fuel

930
00:35:51,109 --> 00:35:48,480
and air to breathe and we want to be

931
00:35:52,670 --> 00:35:51,119
able to use the resources on the moon as

932
00:35:55,010 --> 00:35:52,680
we explore the moon so we don't have to

933
00:35:58,370 --> 00:35:55,020
carry as much with us so we we have more

934
00:36:00,770 --> 00:35:58,380
up Mass available for other things

935
00:36:02,990 --> 00:36:00,780
and the reason for going to the Moon is

936
00:36:04,910 --> 00:36:03,000
eventually we want to go on to Mars all

937
00:36:06,410 --> 00:36:04,920
right and we're using the moon as a

938
00:36:08,329 --> 00:36:06,420
training ground to learn how to operate

939
00:36:09,890 --> 00:36:08,339
away from planet Earth on for an

940
00:36:12,829 --> 00:36:09,900
extended period of time so that we're

941
00:36:14,390 --> 00:36:12,839
successful when we go on to Mars I have

942
00:36:17,450 --> 00:36:14,400
to give our Deputy Administrator Pam

943
00:36:19,130 --> 00:36:17,460
melroy credit for uh our objective-based

944
00:36:20,569 --> 00:36:19,140
architecture that she has put in place

945
00:36:22,069 --> 00:36:20,579
and we've gone out to Industry we've

946
00:36:23,589 --> 00:36:22,079
gone to International Partners we've

947
00:36:27,829 --> 00:36:23,599
shared this we've been working on this

948
00:36:29,750 --> 00:36:27,839
gym free and the exploration team we're

949
00:36:31,550 --> 00:36:29,760
down here at the Kennedy Space Center a

950
00:36:33,410 --> 00:36:31,560
few weeks ago with folks coming in to

951
00:36:35,630 --> 00:36:33,420
look at what what are the objectives and

952
00:36:37,370 --> 00:36:35,640
then what are the requirements to meet

953
00:36:39,770 --> 00:36:37,380
those objectives so we're laying this

954
00:36:43,190 --> 00:36:39,780
out in a very methodical way so that it

955
00:36:45,950 --> 00:36:43,200
is uh you know it it sustains itself as

956
00:36:47,230 --> 00:36:45,960
it moves forward so I I think it's going

957
00:36:50,690 --> 00:36:47,240
to be absolutely

958
00:36:52,130 --> 00:36:50,700
amazing to see us return to the Moon in

959
00:36:54,410 --> 00:36:52,140
a sustainable way and eventually going

960
00:36:56,089 --> 00:36:54,420
on to Mars establishing that presence in

961
00:36:58,730 --> 00:36:56,099
our solar system beyond our home planet

962
00:37:01,010 --> 00:36:58,740
but we are going to the Moon sooner than

963
00:37:04,190 --> 00:37:01,020
and I think many of you have heard of

964
00:37:06,170 --> 00:37:04,200
the eclipse program uh commercial Leo

965
00:37:07,910 --> 00:37:06,180
and our commercial

966
00:37:10,790 --> 00:37:07,920
science going to the moon but these are

967
00:37:12,710 --> 00:37:10,800
commercial Landers that uh through space

968
00:37:15,530 --> 00:37:12,720
act agreements it was put out by the

969
00:37:18,770 --> 00:37:15,540
science Mission directorate and uh

970
00:37:20,510 --> 00:37:18,780
hopefully uh this year in within a few

971
00:37:22,250 --> 00:37:20,520
months I don't know who's going to be

972
00:37:25,430 --> 00:37:22,260
first but we have intuitive machines

973
00:37:27,530 --> 00:37:25,440
down in Houston in astrobotics up in

974
00:37:29,870 --> 00:37:27,540
Pittsburgh are both sending commercial

975
00:37:31,970 --> 00:37:29,880
Landers to the moon and NASA didn't pay

976
00:37:34,550 --> 00:37:31,980
for this whole mission all right they

977
00:37:36,770 --> 00:37:34,560
have skin in the game also and it's

978
00:37:38,630 --> 00:37:36,780
establishing this commercial exploration

979
00:37:41,690 --> 00:37:38,640
of the Moon also so you don't have to

980
00:37:42,710 --> 00:37:41,700
wait till uh you know 2024 for that next

981
00:37:44,390 --> 00:37:42,720
flight to the Moon we're going to be

982
00:37:45,650 --> 00:37:44,400
sending Landers to the Moon here this

983
00:37:48,290 --> 00:37:45,660
year and that's going to be pretty cool

984
00:37:49,730 --> 00:37:48,300
too yeah very exciting Bob does anybody

985
00:37:51,829 --> 00:37:49,740
want to add to that answer on can you

986
00:37:55,010 --> 00:37:51,839
tell me about Artemis hey you're gonna

987
00:37:56,210 --> 00:37:55,020
fly it well so I I guess my advice uh to

988
00:37:57,170 --> 00:37:56,220
the parents is ask your kids about it

989
00:37:58,430 --> 00:37:57,180
was just like the same way you learn

990
00:37:59,750 --> 00:37:58,440
about dinosaurs ask your kids they

991
00:38:01,250 --> 00:37:59,760
probably already know the answers to to

992
00:38:03,170 --> 00:38:01,260
things about Artemis at least from when

993
00:38:05,089 --> 00:38:03,180
I go around to schools they are all over

994
00:38:06,170 --> 00:38:05,099
it um so the way I explain it to the

995
00:38:07,670 --> 00:38:06,180
adults who have to talk to the kids

996
00:38:09,170 --> 00:38:07,680
though is uh there's a few different

997
00:38:11,150 --> 00:38:09,180
parts there's to get to the moon you

998
00:38:12,829 --> 00:38:11,160
need a rocket right we got the SLS so we

999
00:38:14,150 --> 00:38:12,839
got that we need a capsule so people

1000
00:38:16,609 --> 00:38:14,160
have to go and then somewhere that's the

1001
00:38:18,650 --> 00:38:16,619
Orion uh you need somewhere to stay and

1002
00:38:20,810 --> 00:38:18,660
go up and down so that's the Gateway and

1003
00:38:22,310 --> 00:38:20,820
all those three things are being built I

1004
00:38:25,010 --> 00:38:22,320
mean it's not a PowerPoint thing like

1005
00:38:26,930 --> 00:38:25,020
there's heart like metal here at KSC

1006
00:38:28,490 --> 00:38:26,940
that is those things uh and then the

1007
00:38:29,930 --> 00:38:28,500
fourth is the hls the way to get from

1008
00:38:31,550 --> 00:38:29,940
the lunar orbit down to the surface and

1009
00:38:33,349 --> 00:38:31,560
right now we have one contract with

1010
00:38:35,270 --> 00:38:33,359
SpaceX and like criminal command said

1011
00:38:37,069 --> 00:38:35,280
there's other contracts ongoing so that

1012
00:38:39,650 --> 00:38:37,079
is the part so they it's not easy to go

1013
00:38:41,810 --> 00:38:39,660
the Moon by any means it's it's hard but

1014
00:38:43,490 --> 00:38:41,820
the tech is all there it's just the time

1015
00:38:45,650 --> 00:38:43,500
and the money and the national world to

1016
00:38:48,109 --> 00:38:45,660
do it and I mean yeah we're excited

1017
00:38:49,550 --> 00:38:48,119
we're ready to go but and we are going

1018
00:38:52,069 --> 00:38:49,560
um it's pretty cool to see Hardware

1019
00:38:54,050 --> 00:38:52,079
getting built tested the momentum is

1020
00:38:55,370 --> 00:38:54,060
there so yeah if you've got more

1021
00:38:57,050 --> 00:38:55,380
questions ask your kids I bet you they

1022
00:38:58,550 --> 00:38:57,060
know

1023
00:38:59,630 --> 00:38:58,560
the much Raja

1024
00:39:03,230 --> 00:38:59,640
all right we've got some more questions

1025
00:39:08,030 --> 00:39:05,870
hi I'm Mario Puzo coming from Los

1026
00:39:11,089 --> 00:39:08,040
Angeles California

1027
00:39:13,910 --> 00:39:11,099
um I'm really curious how is the Sleep

1028
00:39:15,950 --> 00:39:13,920
experience while you're out in space and

1029
00:39:18,170 --> 00:39:15,960
what are your dreams like is there

1030
00:39:20,270 --> 00:39:18,180
anything special that you can share with

1031
00:39:22,670 --> 00:39:20,280
us

1032
00:39:24,589 --> 00:39:22,680
sure I'll talk about so I think the

1033
00:39:25,730 --> 00:39:24,599
first sensation to kind of work through

1034
00:39:27,230 --> 00:39:25,740
and it's a little bit different for

1035
00:39:28,550 --> 00:39:27,240
everyone everyone sleeps a little bit

1036
00:39:29,990 --> 00:39:28,560
restrains itself a little differently

1037
00:39:31,550 --> 00:39:30,000
but I'm sure you've all had that feeling

1038
00:39:33,410 --> 00:39:31,560
when you start to fall asleep at night

1039
00:39:34,550 --> 00:39:33,420
and if your arm goes off the corner of

1040
00:39:37,250 --> 00:39:34,560
the bed or something like that and you

1041
00:39:38,630 --> 00:39:37,260
like startle up and you probably all had

1042
00:39:40,069 --> 00:39:38,640
the experience of being in a roller

1043
00:39:42,170 --> 00:39:40,079
coaster and the feeling of your stomach

1044
00:39:43,370 --> 00:39:42,180
coming up so you have that I mean you

1045
00:39:44,690 --> 00:39:43,380
are in free fall when you're in space

1046
00:39:46,609 --> 00:39:44,700
and so as soon as you close your eyes

1047
00:39:47,870 --> 00:39:46,619
you snap back awake because your body is

1048
00:39:50,089 --> 00:39:47,880
telling you you're falling so it's

1049
00:39:52,010 --> 00:39:50,099
really hard for your brain to ignore

1050
00:39:53,630 --> 00:39:52,020
that because if you're in if you were to

1051
00:39:55,490 --> 00:39:53,640
be falling like walking forward and

1052
00:39:57,410 --> 00:39:55,500
falling you couldn't fall asleep while

1053
00:39:58,790 --> 00:39:57,420
you're falling it's just your brain

1054
00:40:00,530 --> 00:39:58,800
won't allow that to happen you'll wake

1055
00:40:01,910 --> 00:40:00,540
up before you hit the ground so if it

1056
00:40:04,490 --> 00:40:01,920
takes different people different times

1057
00:40:07,250 --> 00:40:04,500
but for me about two-ish days to

1058
00:40:09,530 --> 00:40:07,260
actually get over that feeling and be

1059
00:40:12,109 --> 00:40:09,540
able to close my eyes and not have my

1060
00:40:14,510 --> 00:40:12,119
brain kick yourself back awake in terms

1061
00:40:16,250 --> 00:40:14,520
of dreams I don't honestly remember any

1062
00:40:17,569 --> 00:40:16,260
significant changes but I do I do

1063
00:40:19,430 --> 00:40:17,579
distinctly remember both on the way up

1064
00:40:22,190 --> 00:40:19,440
and the way down the first time on the

1065
00:40:24,290 --> 00:40:22,200
way up uh so on uh on orbit I think it

1066
00:40:25,490 --> 00:40:24,300
was like three or four weeks in was the

1067
00:40:27,530 --> 00:40:25,500
first time I had a dream where I was

1068
00:40:30,290 --> 00:40:27,540
floating in the dream and that next day

1069
00:40:31,970 --> 00:40:30,300
was the first time that as much as as

1070
00:40:33,290 --> 00:40:31,980
much as you know you can use the walls

1071
00:40:36,349 --> 00:40:33,300
in the ceiling in space you'll always

1072
00:40:39,050 --> 00:40:36,359
reorient your body for conversations and

1073
00:40:40,670 --> 00:40:39,060
to talk to work in the way that it looks

1074
00:40:42,170 --> 00:40:40,680
like on the ground because the laptops

1075
00:40:44,089 --> 00:40:42,180
and the equipment is oriented certain

1076
00:40:45,349 --> 00:40:44,099
direction but after that time it didn't

1077
00:40:47,690 --> 00:40:45,359
matter and I could come around the

1078
00:40:49,970 --> 00:40:47,700
corner it didn't matter it was and all

1079
00:40:51,650 --> 00:40:49,980
of a sudden like you notice little

1080
00:40:53,390 --> 00:40:51,660
things like the first few weeks the

1081
00:40:54,950 --> 00:40:53,400
ground is always absolutely uh did you

1082
00:40:56,089 --> 00:40:54,960
you know did you power off that payload

1083
00:40:57,530 --> 00:40:56,099
and that's their gentle way of saying

1084
00:40:59,510 --> 00:40:57,540
hey idiot you like I kicked it with your

1085
00:41:01,310 --> 00:40:59,520
foot because we're just like tearing

1086
00:41:03,829 --> 00:41:01,320
through ethernet cables and bumping into

1087
00:41:05,510 --> 00:41:03,839
things but after that after that three

1088
00:41:07,069 --> 00:41:05,520
weeks once that clicked it was like oh

1089
00:41:08,750 --> 00:41:07,079
everything makes sense and you just

1090
00:41:09,890 --> 00:41:08,760
notice like just floating through you

1091
00:41:10,970 --> 00:41:09,900
just see something just like you can now

1092
00:41:12,349 --> 00:41:10,980
in your house like right away you're

1093
00:41:13,670 --> 00:41:12,359
like that's out of place

1094
00:41:16,010 --> 00:41:13,680
um and that was when I had that dream on

1095
00:41:18,410 --> 00:41:16,020
the way on after I landed the first time

1096
00:41:19,730 --> 00:41:18,420
I was um I got up in the middle of the

1097
00:41:21,109 --> 00:41:19,740
night like that it was like 10 hours

1098
00:41:23,089 --> 00:41:21,119
after we landed and even though the

1099
00:41:24,589 --> 00:41:23,099
chair was on the ground I could not

1100
00:41:25,970 --> 00:41:24,599
convince myself this was dark in the

1101
00:41:27,770 --> 00:41:25,980
room wearing crew quarters that I was

1102
00:41:29,990 --> 00:41:27,780
not standing on the wall like I actually

1103
00:41:31,609 --> 00:41:30,000
had to have my wife like come like like

1104
00:41:33,890 --> 00:41:31,619
help me get off the ground because I

1105
00:41:35,750 --> 00:41:33,900
couldn't I was convinced I was gonna

1106
00:41:37,130 --> 00:41:35,760
fall over because I was on the wall

1107
00:41:38,270 --> 00:41:37,140
obviously I was not on the wall I was

1108
00:41:40,550 --> 00:41:38,280
the chair I was doing this with a chair

1109
00:41:42,530 --> 00:41:40,560
but I couldn't connect and then about

1110
00:41:45,349 --> 00:41:42,540
the first good sleep I had that wasn't

1111
00:41:46,670 --> 00:41:45,359
ambient induced after landing I had a

1112
00:41:48,170 --> 00:41:46,680
dream where I was talking to people in

1113
00:41:49,609 --> 00:41:48,180
the pmm and they were floating but I was

1114
00:41:51,290 --> 00:41:49,619
standing on the ground in the pmm and

1115
00:41:53,750 --> 00:41:51,300
when I woke up from that everything was

1116
00:41:56,569 --> 00:41:53,760
fine like totally back to normal so it's

1117
00:41:58,190 --> 00:41:56,579
amazing what your brain does and we talk

1118
00:41:59,510 --> 00:41:58,200
about you're like a baby in space you

1119
00:42:00,650 --> 00:41:59,520
can't eat on your own you can't poop or

1120
00:42:01,849 --> 00:42:00,660
pee on your own you really can't do

1121
00:42:03,530 --> 00:42:01,859
anything on your own much like a baby

1122
00:42:05,329 --> 00:42:03,540
and just like a baby all you want to do

1123
00:42:06,770 --> 00:42:05,339
is sleep because your brain is doing a

1124
00:42:07,849 --> 00:42:06,780
whole bunch of rewickering in the

1125
00:42:09,710 --> 00:42:07,859
background which is actually one of the

1126
00:42:11,329 --> 00:42:09,720
things we study with some of the grasp

1127
00:42:13,670 --> 00:42:11,339
experiments and some stuff for sensory

1128
00:42:16,550 --> 00:42:13,680
deprivation so it's pretty cool how your

1129
00:42:18,829 --> 00:42:16,560
brain rewires itself and it takes effort

1130
00:42:20,569 --> 00:42:18,839
and energy for it to do that but yeah

1131
00:42:22,430 --> 00:42:20,579
everyone and then once you do adjust the

1132
00:42:24,109 --> 00:42:22,440
sleeping some people like to be bungeed

1133
00:42:25,130 --> 00:42:24,119
in some people like to free float I

1134
00:42:27,530 --> 00:42:25,140
don't I mean I know on the shuttle

1135
00:42:28,910 --> 00:42:27,540
different people did different things so

1136
00:42:30,410 --> 00:42:28,920
that's kind of personal preference but

1137
00:42:32,089 --> 00:42:30,420
it's the best sleep I've had in my life

1138
00:42:33,109 --> 00:42:32,099
I have three young kids so no one's

1139
00:42:36,890 --> 00:42:33,119
waking me up in the middle of the night

1140
00:42:41,569 --> 00:42:40,130
I didn't have any problems sleeping but

1141
00:42:44,329 --> 00:42:41,579
but I found out I didn't need to sleep

1142
00:42:47,810 --> 00:42:44,339
as much uh it I don't know maybe it

1143
00:42:49,910 --> 00:42:47,820
wasn't we were really busy but the uh I

1144
00:42:51,410 --> 00:42:49,920
will go along with uh what you're saying

1145
00:42:52,910 --> 00:42:51,420
about you can really tell first-time

1146
00:42:54,829 --> 00:42:52,920
flyers from folks that have flown more

1147
00:42:57,589 --> 00:42:54,839
than once in the experience

1148
00:42:59,450 --> 00:42:57,599
um I remember on you know my last flight

1149
00:43:01,069 --> 00:42:59,460
Sergey krikolov who had been a year for

1150
00:43:02,870 --> 00:43:01,079
a space he was like it was like poetry

1151
00:43:05,870 --> 00:43:02,880
in motion watching him move through the

1152
00:43:07,910 --> 00:43:05,880
vehicle in a on a previous flight I had

1153
00:43:09,349 --> 00:43:07,920
a newbie that flew with us and it was

1154
00:43:11,270 --> 00:43:09,359
like they were bouncing off the walls

1155
00:43:15,290 --> 00:43:11,280
the whole time even after two weeks they

1156
00:43:17,630 --> 00:43:15,300
hadn't adapted to uh to zero g the

1157
00:43:20,150 --> 00:43:17,640
interesting thing is the physiological

1158
00:43:22,849 --> 00:43:20,160
aspects that Raj was talking about you

1159
00:43:25,550 --> 00:43:22,859
know you it takes time to adapt to zero

1160
00:43:29,030 --> 00:43:25,560
g and a time to adapt to 1G coming back

1161
00:43:31,550 --> 00:43:29,040
but with each flight you learn your

1162
00:43:32,930 --> 00:43:31,560
brain remembers and I'll never forget my

1163
00:43:34,970 --> 00:43:32,940
you know my second plate once we got to

1164
00:43:38,270 --> 00:43:34,980
zero g it was like hey I'm here I'm back

1165
00:43:42,170 --> 00:43:38,280
it's it's amazing so you adapt quicker

1166
00:43:44,690 --> 00:43:42,180
each time to both zero g and 1G with the

1167
00:43:46,790 --> 00:43:44,700
number of flights I I never had any

1168
00:43:48,290 --> 00:43:46,800
weird dreams but uh something that's

1169
00:43:50,030 --> 00:43:48,300
really cool is

1170
00:43:52,250 --> 00:43:50,040
especially on a high inclination flight

1171
00:43:53,210 --> 00:43:52,260
you're it's all dark and you're sleeping

1172
00:43:54,589 --> 00:43:53,220
at night and all of a sudden one of

1173
00:43:56,150 --> 00:43:54,599
these high energy particles hits your

1174
00:43:58,250 --> 00:43:56,160
retina and you get this Flash in your

1175
00:43:59,450 --> 00:43:58,260
eye from uh yeah so that's kind of

1176
00:44:01,130 --> 00:43:59,460
interesting but also depressing it's

1177
00:44:04,849 --> 00:44:01,140
like that's by Cordia getting bombarded

1178
00:44:08,569 --> 00:44:07,250
oh and the Raja Bob thank you so much

1179
00:44:10,670 --> 00:44:08,579
that was those are very entertaining

1180
00:44:12,950 --> 00:44:10,680
answers so we appreciate it um we have

1181
00:44:14,930 --> 00:44:12,960
another one from Twitter for Dana how

1182
00:44:16,910 --> 00:44:14,940
has adding commercial Partners changed

1183
00:44:17,809 --> 00:44:16,920
the way NASA sends crew to the space

1184
00:44:20,690 --> 00:44:17,819
station

1185
00:44:23,270 --> 00:44:20,700
oh that's a really good question so um

1186
00:44:25,309 --> 00:44:23,280
by using these commercial Partners you

1187
00:44:27,170 --> 00:44:25,319
know I I like to step back and think

1188
00:44:30,530 --> 00:44:27,180
about commercial crew program has paved

1189
00:44:32,150 --> 00:44:30,540
the way for NASA we have Partnerships

1190
00:44:35,089 --> 00:44:32,160
um all over the place we work with our

1191
00:44:38,630 --> 00:44:35,099
internet with our partners among NASA we

1192
00:44:41,630 --> 00:44:38,640
work with Partners outside of NASA with

1193
00:44:44,089 --> 00:44:41,640
um specifically Boeing and SpaceX who

1194
00:44:46,250 --> 00:44:44,099
we've selected to provide these crew

1195
00:44:47,750 --> 00:44:46,260
transportation systems for our

1196
00:44:50,329 --> 00:44:47,760
astronauts to be able to fly up to the

1197
00:44:54,230 --> 00:44:50,339
International Space Station and we also

1198
00:44:56,329 --> 00:44:54,240
have Partnerships with DOD and other

1199
00:44:58,250 --> 00:44:56,339
entities FAA as well so we've kind of

1200
00:45:01,190 --> 00:44:58,260
paved the way for NASA to be able to do

1201
00:45:03,230 --> 00:45:01,200
a lot of these commercial work with the

1202
00:45:05,569 --> 00:45:03,240
commercial industry and what that's

1203
00:45:06,770 --> 00:45:05,579
really done for us too is as we talk

1204
00:45:08,030 --> 00:45:06,780
about all the science and the

1205
00:45:09,470 --> 00:45:08,040
experiments and everything that we've

1206
00:45:13,010 --> 00:45:09,480
we're learning on the International

1207
00:45:14,930 --> 00:45:13,020
Space Station we're allowing NASA to

1208
00:45:16,730 --> 00:45:14,940
also specialize and look at going Beyond

1209
00:45:18,349 --> 00:45:16,740
and all of the Artemis program and

1210
00:45:20,569 --> 00:45:18,359
everything that Bob talked about out as

1211
00:45:22,730 --> 00:45:20,579
well so it's it's really cool that we're

1212
00:45:25,670 --> 00:45:22,740
able to partner with these commercial

1213
00:45:27,890 --> 00:45:25,680
entities providing this this cost

1214
00:45:29,390 --> 00:45:27,900
efficient mechanism for us to be able to

1215
00:45:31,790 --> 00:45:29,400
get our astronauts up to the

1216
00:45:34,970 --> 00:45:31,800
International Space Station it's um it's

1217
00:45:37,910 --> 00:45:34,980
been a a been a fun trial I think for us

1218
00:45:40,730 --> 00:45:37,920
at Nasa I think it's also paved the way

1219
00:45:42,890 --> 00:45:40,740
for other programs that we've also

1220
00:45:44,569 --> 00:45:42,900
mentioned hls and some others that are

1221
00:45:47,329 --> 00:45:44,579
also going the commercial route as well

1222
00:45:49,670 --> 00:45:47,339
so it's a different it's a new paradigm

1223
00:45:51,410 --> 00:45:49,680
for NASA to partner with these

1224
00:45:53,870 --> 00:45:51,420
commercial industry but it's allowing

1225
00:45:55,730 --> 00:45:53,880
NASA to use our expertise and go further

1226
00:45:56,569 --> 00:45:55,740
and go beyond to go to Moon Mars and

1227
00:45:58,490 --> 00:45:56,579
Beyond

1228
00:46:01,370 --> 00:45:58,500
so if I could add to that Dana so it

1229
00:46:02,990 --> 00:46:01,380
allows NASA to actually focus on

1230
00:46:04,910 --> 00:46:03,000
exploration because we're not paying so

1231
00:46:07,130 --> 00:46:04,920
much getting back and forth to the space

1232
00:46:10,130 --> 00:46:07,140
station something else it's done is it's

1233
00:46:12,349 --> 00:46:10,140
opened up commercial space and I think

1234
00:46:14,690 --> 00:46:12,359
you're familiar with the commercial Leo

1235
00:46:15,829 --> 00:46:14,700
destinations program eventually the ISS

1236
00:46:18,290 --> 00:46:15,839
is going to end and we're going until

1237
00:46:19,790 --> 00:46:18,300
2030. so we got a lot of time left to

1238
00:46:22,069 --> 00:46:19,800
keep sending Crews up and doing science

1239
00:46:24,290 --> 00:46:22,079
but we want to be able to transition to

1240
00:46:26,329 --> 00:46:24,300
commercial space stations where we are

1241
00:46:28,250 --> 00:46:26,339
one of many uh customers and we're not

1242
00:46:29,630 --> 00:46:28,260
paying for the whole thing again so we

1243
00:46:33,290 --> 00:46:29,640
can focus that funding on the

1244
00:46:34,730 --> 00:46:33,300
exploration part along with that you've

1245
00:46:36,410 --> 00:46:34,740
probably noticed the private astronaut

1246
00:46:37,930 --> 00:46:36,420
missions we flew one we're getting ready

1247
00:46:40,309 --> 00:46:37,940
to fly another

1248
00:46:44,329 --> 00:46:40,319
SpaceX has flown the inspiration Mission

1249
00:46:46,089 --> 00:46:44,339
separate from a NASA Mission at all not

1250
00:46:48,890 --> 00:46:46,099
going to the International Space Station

1251
00:46:50,390 --> 00:46:48,900
and hopefully we'll have you know there

1252
00:46:53,450 --> 00:46:50,400
are three companies right now looking at

1253
00:46:56,089 --> 00:46:53,460
building a uh a commercial space station

1254
00:46:57,770 --> 00:46:56,099
much smaller but we're learning

1255
00:47:00,109 --> 00:46:57,780
utilizing in the International Space

1256
00:47:02,690 --> 00:47:00,119
Station on how we're going to be able to

1257
00:47:05,870 --> 00:47:02,700
transition in having private astronauts

1258
00:47:07,670 --> 00:47:05,880
going to a commercial destination also

1259
00:47:10,490 --> 00:47:07,680
so hugely important what we're doing

1260
00:47:12,829 --> 00:47:10,500
right now on ISS to help enable that

1261
00:47:14,390 --> 00:47:12,839
I would add one more thing too is you

1262
00:47:16,970 --> 00:47:14,400
know the cool thing about this is

1263
00:47:19,010 --> 00:47:16,980
because NASA is helping certify these

1264
00:47:20,990 --> 00:47:19,020
Transportation Systems it allows

1265
00:47:22,849 --> 00:47:21,000
opportunities like any of you in the

1266
00:47:25,670 --> 00:47:22,859
room too to be able to go and fly in

1267
00:47:26,990 --> 00:47:25,680
space and these commercial systems that

1268
00:47:28,550 --> 00:47:27,000
are being available or they're available

1269
00:47:30,530 --> 00:47:28,560
could be available for our kids our

1270
00:47:32,150 --> 00:47:30,540
grandkids and any of you in the room

1271
00:47:35,089 --> 00:47:32,160
here too so I think it's a really cool

1272
00:47:36,890 --> 00:47:35,099
opportunity to make space Transportation

1273
00:47:38,870 --> 00:47:36,900
available to everyone

1274
00:47:39,829 --> 00:47:38,880
thank you Dana and and Bob I'm glad that

1275
00:47:41,930 --> 00:47:39,839
you actually mentioned that we're

1276
00:47:43,670 --> 00:47:41,940
opening up space for everyone we have

1277
00:47:45,890 --> 00:47:43,680
one from Jake on Twitter and I'm not

1278
00:47:47,630 --> 00:47:45,900
sure who he's directing this at so feel

1279
00:47:49,550 --> 00:47:47,640
free to take that as you will can you

1280
00:47:51,290 --> 00:47:49,560
take me with you I need a few days off

1281
00:47:57,650 --> 00:47:51,300
the Earth

1282
00:48:01,670 --> 00:47:59,030
like Dana since she just said they could

1283
00:48:02,270 --> 00:48:01,680
fly on this space right

1284
00:48:04,250 --> 00:48:02,280
um

1285
00:48:07,309 --> 00:48:04,260
uh yeah I guess uh

1286
00:48:08,510 --> 00:48:07,319
take those take him with us um if if the

1287
00:48:09,890 --> 00:48:08,520
answer is like try to strap him into

1288
00:48:11,630 --> 00:48:09,900
crew six that might be tough to get on

1289
00:48:14,270 --> 00:48:11,640
the Manifest but uh just figuratively

1290
00:48:16,250 --> 00:48:14,280
speaking I guess uh it's you know I

1291
00:48:19,010 --> 00:48:16,260
think the the what struck me on the

1292
00:48:21,829 --> 00:48:19,020
first uh like the first few days

1293
00:48:25,430 --> 00:48:21,839
um is just the fun of being in the Space

1294
00:48:27,410 --> 00:48:25,440
Capsule so I I actually enjoyed being in

1295
00:48:28,430 --> 00:48:27,420
the Dragon for I would have loved to be

1296
00:48:30,410 --> 00:48:28,440
in there another day or two because

1297
00:48:33,530 --> 00:48:30,420
you've trained so much in it that it

1298
00:48:34,670 --> 00:48:33,540
really becomes uh like you're like your

1299
00:48:36,109 --> 00:48:34,680
home like your room it's a very

1300
00:48:38,030 --> 00:48:36,119
comfortable place it's kind of cool to

1301
00:48:39,650 --> 00:48:38,040
hear the valves like when before there's

1302
00:48:41,329 --> 00:48:39,660
a burn you'll hear the prop starting to

1303
00:48:43,190 --> 00:48:41,339
flow you can hear the valve cycle you

1304
00:48:44,990 --> 00:48:43,200
can see the plasma arcs out the front

1305
00:48:46,370 --> 00:48:45,000
window it's a it was a very cool thing I

1306
00:48:48,470 --> 00:48:46,380
think the most surreal thing for us as a

1307
00:48:50,030 --> 00:48:48,480
crew was we saw uh we picked up a tally

1308
00:48:52,250 --> 00:48:50,040
on the space station about 40 kilometers

1309
00:48:53,630 --> 00:48:52,260
as we I have we happen to know us in the

1310
00:48:55,730 --> 00:48:53,640
in one of the displays that should be

1311
00:48:57,290 --> 00:48:55,740
out the window and it was 40 kilometers

1312
00:48:59,270 --> 00:48:57,300
away which you normally can't see on the

1313
00:49:00,890 --> 00:48:59,280
ground but it was backlit by the sun and

1314
00:49:02,750 --> 00:49:00,900
it looked like a like a golden Christmas

1315
00:49:03,890 --> 00:49:02,760
ornament just hanging out that it was so

1316
00:49:05,030 --> 00:49:03,900
cool like that's that's where we're

1317
00:49:06,710 --> 00:49:05,040
gonna go

1318
00:49:08,210 --> 00:49:06,720
um and then I think the next big thing

1319
00:49:11,870 --> 00:49:08,220
is when you get onto the space station

1320
00:49:13,430 --> 00:49:11,880
it is visually overwise it it's not huge

1321
00:49:14,809 --> 00:49:13,440
if you had a house that big you'd

1322
00:49:17,270 --> 00:49:14,819
probably be unimpressed or like that's

1323
00:49:18,650 --> 00:49:17,280
not so cool but in when you're in a

1324
00:49:21,609 --> 00:49:18,660
capsule and then you go from the capsule

1325
00:49:24,190 --> 00:49:21,619
to this house and you can use all four

1326
00:49:26,630 --> 00:49:24,200
walls that's what's really like

1327
00:49:28,849 --> 00:49:26,640
mind-boggling it just is very visually

1328
00:49:30,589 --> 00:49:28,859
and a very visceral emotion like holy

1329
00:49:32,750 --> 00:49:30,599
cowlick this is this is enormous and

1330
00:49:36,530 --> 00:49:32,760
just trying to take that all in but just

1331
00:49:37,910 --> 00:49:36,540
a sense of yeah this pure joy and and

1332
00:49:39,650 --> 00:49:37,920
awe like Kayla wouldn't mind me sharing

1333
00:49:42,230 --> 00:49:39,660
this but she talks about it liftoff just

1334
00:49:45,290 --> 00:49:42,240
like a single tier of Joy like just the

1335
00:49:47,930 --> 00:49:45,300
most unfiltered raw emotion of like this

1336
00:49:49,190 --> 00:49:47,940
is so yeah it's hard to describe but

1337
00:49:50,329 --> 00:49:49,200
such an amazing thing and then I think

1338
00:49:52,130 --> 00:49:50,339
seeing the Earth

1339
00:49:53,150 --> 00:49:52,140
yeah people talk about the overview

1340
00:49:53,990 --> 00:49:53,160
effect or whatever you want to call it

1341
00:49:57,170 --> 00:49:54,000
but there's

1342
00:49:58,490 --> 00:49:57,180
it's yeah I I to Dana's point I I in all

1343
00:49:59,569 --> 00:49:58,500
searches like it'll be great the more

1344
00:50:01,730 --> 00:49:59,579
people that can go up there the better

1345
00:50:03,170 --> 00:50:01,740
because you can whatever you take away

1346
00:50:04,430 --> 00:50:03,180
from that experience it's it's goodness

1347
00:50:05,930 --> 00:50:04,440
whether it's realizing there's no

1348
00:50:07,910 --> 00:50:05,940
borders whether you realize how fragile

1349
00:50:10,609 --> 00:50:07,920
the Earth is there's so many conclusions

1350
00:50:11,809 --> 00:50:10,619
but having seeing that I mean that's why

1351
00:50:14,390 --> 00:50:11,819
we do human space flight there's

1352
00:50:16,430 --> 00:50:14,400
something you cannot do without your

1353
00:50:18,589 --> 00:50:16,440
brain and and seeing it and processing

1354
00:50:20,510 --> 00:50:18,599
it so I got to jump on that when you

1355
00:50:24,349 --> 00:50:20,520
talked about the joy I wish I could take

1356
00:50:26,329 --> 00:50:24,359
a five-year-old with me uh you know time

1357
00:50:28,730 --> 00:50:26,339
on orbit is extremely expensive it's

1358
00:50:30,290 --> 00:50:28,740
very busy and what I used to tell

1359
00:50:32,150 --> 00:50:30,300
first-time Flyers is at some point

1360
00:50:33,770 --> 00:50:32,160
during the mission stick your nose up to

1361
00:50:36,109 --> 00:50:33,780
the window and make a memory because

1362
00:50:37,550 --> 00:50:36,119
it's so much better than anything no

1363
00:50:39,109 --> 00:50:37,560
picture does it justice it's like going

1364
00:50:40,190 --> 00:50:39,119
to the Grand Canyon it looks awesome and

1365
00:50:42,349 --> 00:50:40,200
you take a picture and say it didn't

1366
00:50:45,050 --> 00:50:42,359
look like that and it's the same with

1367
00:50:46,609 --> 00:50:45,060
space even even an IMAX film is not the

1368
00:50:50,390 --> 00:50:46,619
same as is what you see with the eyes

1369
00:50:52,370 --> 00:50:50,400
God gave you but uh it's it's very

1370
00:50:54,950 --> 00:50:52,380
expensive but then there's time to have

1371
00:50:57,349 --> 00:50:54,960
fun too and do stupid ass not tricks and

1372
00:51:00,230 --> 00:50:57,359
you can be the best gymnast in the world

1373
00:51:02,630 --> 00:51:00,240
in a in a microgravity environment and

1374
00:51:04,609 --> 00:51:02,640
it's just uh there's it's pretty cool

1375
00:51:06,650 --> 00:51:04,619
it's it's a lot of fun it's a lot of

1376
00:51:08,089 --> 00:51:06,660
hard work but it's a lot of fun too it's

1377
00:51:09,650 --> 00:51:08,099
funny you said that so we actually have

1378
00:51:10,849 --> 00:51:09,660
that exact conversation with the Axiom

1379
00:51:12,290 --> 00:51:10,859
one occur so we're talking about private

1380
00:51:13,430 --> 00:51:12,300
Crews because they were taking a lot of

1381
00:51:15,470 --> 00:51:13,440
pictures and we said the exact same

1382
00:51:18,049 --> 00:51:15,480
thing put the camera down and just look

1383
00:51:20,930 --> 00:51:18,059
just look outside just like

1384
00:51:22,970 --> 00:51:20,940
and you're it just because you can't and

1385
00:51:25,609 --> 00:51:22,980
that Kubla I mean these guys had that

1386
00:51:27,230 --> 00:51:25,619
cupola you know uh to be able to just

1387
00:51:28,910 --> 00:51:27,240
sit in there and have all that looking

1388
00:51:30,770 --> 00:51:28,920
out is pretty awesome

1389
00:51:32,690 --> 00:51:30,780
if I could let me let me offer a

1390
00:51:34,849 --> 00:51:32,700
different aspect of answering this

1391
00:51:37,250 --> 00:51:34,859
question too because obviously we can't

1392
00:51:40,970 --> 00:51:37,260
take everybody along with us it's it's a

1393
00:51:43,250 --> 00:51:40,980
very limited resources but NASA is open

1394
00:51:47,150 --> 00:51:43,260
about not only the imagery from flight

1395
00:51:50,230 --> 00:51:47,160
but our science data too so we have uh

1396
00:51:53,150 --> 00:51:50,240
Open Access citizen science initiatives

1397
00:51:56,150 --> 00:51:53,160
that are fueled by space station program

1398
00:51:58,609 --> 00:51:56,160
data Gene lab you may have heard of

1399
00:52:00,829 --> 00:51:58,619
heard about it's a repository of all the

1400
00:52:03,290 --> 00:52:00,839
genetic information from all the NASA

1401
00:52:05,270 --> 00:52:03,300
investigations we've done on station we

1402
00:52:10,010 --> 00:52:05,280
have a physical science informatics

1403
00:52:12,950 --> 00:52:10,020
database and they hold in both Grant

1404
00:52:15,470 --> 00:52:12,960
competitions and also open citizen

1405
00:52:17,690 --> 00:52:15,480
science applications to go in there and

1406
00:52:19,430 --> 00:52:17,700
be part of this question there is so

1407
00:52:20,990 --> 00:52:19,440
much data it took home through that

1408
00:52:23,450 --> 00:52:21,000
there are always discoveries that are

1409
00:52:26,390 --> 00:52:23,460
out there that could be found so if you

1410
00:52:28,609 --> 00:52:26,400
don't think you can can participate as a

1411
00:52:30,890 --> 00:52:28,619
crew member you can participate as a

1412
00:52:32,569 --> 00:52:30,900
citizen scientist

1413
00:52:34,430 --> 00:52:32,579
thank you all for those answers that was

1414
00:52:35,870 --> 00:52:34,440
those some beautiful remarks there let's

1415
00:52:38,450 --> 00:52:35,880
take it back to the room now we have

1416
00:52:40,309 --> 00:52:38,460
some hands going up again

1417
00:52:43,910 --> 00:52:40,319
right over here

1418
00:52:47,030 --> 00:52:43,920
hi thank you so much I'm masako first of

1419
00:52:49,250 --> 00:52:47,040
all today this is so exciting and

1420
00:52:51,650 --> 00:52:49,260
interesting I'm so happy to be here and

1421
00:52:53,510 --> 00:52:51,660
I'm I have like so many questions so I'm

1422
00:52:55,190 --> 00:52:53,520
I know I'm gonna regret that I'm gonna

1423
00:52:57,950 --> 00:52:55,200
be able to I'm not gonna be able to ask

1424
00:53:00,470 --> 00:52:57,960
all of them but I come from space

1425
00:53:03,049 --> 00:53:00,480
taymund it's a company that combines the

1426
00:53:05,809 --> 00:53:03,059
word space and entertainment we actually

1427
00:53:08,870 --> 00:53:05,819
have an artwork that's going into ISS

1428
00:53:10,670 --> 00:53:08,880
next month on a commercial flight we're

1429
00:53:13,549 --> 00:53:10,680
working with a space logistics company

1430
00:53:16,870 --> 00:53:13,559
so I appreciate your explaining how

1431
00:53:19,910 --> 00:53:16,880
you're collaborating with new commercial

1432
00:53:22,450 --> 00:53:19,920
elements to bring new things into space

1433
00:53:25,549 --> 00:53:22,460
that wasn't conventionally done before

1434
00:53:27,170 --> 00:53:25,559
because all of us at space payment we

1435
00:53:29,990 --> 00:53:27,180
all want to go to space and that's why

1436
00:53:31,490 --> 00:53:30,000
we're doing this but and our artists of

1437
00:53:33,829 --> 00:53:31,500
course want to go to space but we're

1438
00:53:36,470 --> 00:53:33,839
sending in an artwork it's a flat small

1439
00:53:39,710 --> 00:53:36,480
artwork as a symbolism to go into space

1440
00:53:42,170 --> 00:53:39,720
instead of us so um we're really excited

1441
00:53:45,770 --> 00:53:42,180
about bringing hanging symbolism of

1442
00:53:49,069 --> 00:53:45,780
exploring Humanity by bringing it into

1443
00:53:51,950 --> 00:53:49,079
space and looking at Earth and in a

1444
00:53:55,190 --> 00:53:51,960
condition that's not you know expected

1445
00:53:57,049 --> 00:53:55,200
on Earth so the story about how your

1446
00:53:59,089 --> 00:53:57,059
dreams are different and everything that

1447
00:54:01,069 --> 00:53:59,099
was like really exciting because I feel

1448
00:54:03,890 --> 00:54:01,079
like you learned so much about the human

1449
00:54:06,230 --> 00:54:03,900
perspective by being in a very different

1450
00:54:09,230 --> 00:54:06,240
condition and I was curious if you had

1451
00:54:11,990 --> 00:54:09,240
more um things that you could tell us

1452
00:54:14,450 --> 00:54:12,000
about how perspectives have changed like

1453
00:54:16,490 --> 00:54:14,460
you talked about spatial perception

1454
00:54:19,430 --> 00:54:16,500
changes obviously because you're in

1455
00:54:21,770 --> 00:54:19,440
microgravity how about like time or how

1456
00:54:24,650 --> 00:54:21,780
you feel about things or like without

1457
00:54:26,930 --> 00:54:24,660
smell and being able to eat the food

1458
00:54:28,790 --> 00:54:26,940
that you're used to even little things

1459
00:54:32,210 --> 00:54:28,800
like that I I'm sure it changes

1460
00:54:34,130 --> 00:54:32,220
perspective or even like how Jim has

1461
00:54:37,670 --> 00:54:34,140
this amazing program with amateur radio

1462
00:54:38,930 --> 00:54:37,680
that provides connection to Earth that

1463
00:54:41,450 --> 00:54:38,940
makes you keep

1464
00:54:43,309 --> 00:54:41,460
um being in touch but I know you also

1465
00:54:45,170 --> 00:54:43,319
have Twitter nowadays that you could

1466
00:54:46,609 --> 00:54:45,180
tweet from space that's really exciting

1467
00:54:48,890 --> 00:54:46,619
too do you I don't know if you do

1468
00:54:51,530 --> 00:54:48,900
Twitter space from space but is there

1469
00:54:53,390 --> 00:54:51,540
new experiments to stay connected and

1470
00:54:56,809 --> 00:54:53,400
giving more information about The Human

1471
00:54:58,609 --> 00:54:56,819
Condition in space to earth like maybe

1472
00:55:01,370 --> 00:54:58,619
you're developing Holograms or something

1473
00:55:03,349 --> 00:55:01,380
being you know super star warsy and

1474
00:55:04,970 --> 00:55:03,359
stuff like that but I want I wanted to

1475
00:55:07,130 --> 00:55:04,980
know if there's like new developments

1476
00:55:08,990 --> 00:55:07,140
about that kind of aspects of humanity

1477
00:55:11,630 --> 00:55:09,000
that you're developing that you could

1478
00:55:15,049 --> 00:55:13,250
an example that's been probably kick it

1479
00:55:16,670 --> 00:55:15,059
to Kurt and Patrick was I bet you they

1480
00:55:18,589 --> 00:55:16,680
there are definitely New Balance like

1481
00:55:20,329 --> 00:55:18,599
one we worked on was to you the

1482
00:55:21,710 --> 00:55:20,339
holographic thing you mentioned is what

1483
00:55:23,870 --> 00:55:21,720
made me think of it what by like a

1484
00:55:25,309 --> 00:55:23,880
virtual reality interface and we were

1485
00:55:27,170 --> 00:55:25,319
doing it from this perspective of like

1486
00:55:29,390 --> 00:55:27,180
remote medicine and so like talking to

1487
00:55:31,849 --> 00:55:29,400
like a flight surgeon remotely but it

1488
00:55:34,430 --> 00:55:31,859
the secondary use was like you could

1489
00:55:36,950 --> 00:55:34,440
have a virtual interface instead of like

1490
00:55:38,569 --> 00:55:36,960
a zoom call with your family which they

1491
00:55:40,309 --> 00:55:38,579
we set up you know once a week you could

1492
00:55:42,049 --> 00:55:40,319
do that maybe virtually so that that

1493
00:55:44,450 --> 00:55:42,059
kind of connectedness is at better or

1494
00:55:46,309 --> 00:55:44,460
worse or freaky or good

1495
00:55:48,410 --> 00:55:46,319
um uh I think the the other just general

1496
00:55:49,670 --> 00:55:48,420
perspective is uh and the reason it

1497
00:55:52,030 --> 00:55:49,680
takes so long to select the astronauts

1498
00:55:54,950 --> 00:55:52,040
is we spend a lot of time trying to find

1499
00:55:56,150 --> 00:55:54,960
the right mix of people who can work

1500
00:55:57,349 --> 00:55:56,160
together as a team that's probably the

1501
00:55:58,609 --> 00:55:57,359
biggest perspective changes you're

1502
00:56:00,589 --> 00:55:58,619
you're in this together it's no

1503
00:56:02,030 --> 00:56:00,599
different than you know small units in

1504
00:56:04,130 --> 00:56:02,040
the military or deployed units or small

1505
00:56:05,569 --> 00:56:04,140
teams where you really come to count on

1506
00:56:07,970 --> 00:56:05,579
one another and you're so your

1507
00:56:09,170 --> 00:56:07,980
perspective uh you have to rely on a

1508
00:56:12,470 --> 00:56:09,180
good connection with the ground and with

1509
00:56:16,130 --> 00:56:12,480
each other so I think it's just good uh

1510
00:56:19,309 --> 00:56:16,140
you know it's it's a different uh world

1511
00:56:20,510 --> 00:56:19,319
and not no pun intended was you only are

1512
00:56:22,010 --> 00:56:20,520
sharing that experience with the people

1513
00:56:23,270 --> 00:56:22,020
there and so you have to spend a lot of

1514
00:56:24,890 --> 00:56:23,280
active time communicating with the

1515
00:56:27,049 --> 00:56:24,900
ground both professionally during the

1516
00:56:28,490 --> 00:56:27,059
day but also outside of the workday to

1517
00:56:30,170 --> 00:56:28,500
make sure you're staying staying

1518
00:56:32,870 --> 00:56:30,180
connected and I know there's there's

1519
00:56:35,270 --> 00:56:32,880
that the virtual uh piece but there's uh

1520
00:56:36,589 --> 00:56:35,280
I know other other research of like and

1521
00:56:38,690 --> 00:56:36,599
as Kurt mentioned all of it's open

1522
00:56:40,190 --> 00:56:38,700
source right you can you can go see all

1523
00:56:41,690 --> 00:56:40,200
the experiments that have been done on

1524
00:56:43,370 --> 00:56:41,700
that on that connect to this are already

1525
00:56:45,770 --> 00:56:43,380
out there and it's actually there's so

1526
00:56:47,150 --> 00:56:45,780
much I think that's that it would take a

1527
00:56:48,290 --> 00:56:47,160
long time to actually comb through to

1528
00:56:49,790 --> 00:56:48,300
find what you're looking for but it

1529
00:56:50,870 --> 00:56:49,800
probably has already been done as my

1530
00:56:53,450 --> 00:56:50,880
guess

1531
00:56:55,370 --> 00:56:53,460
so you make a great Point we've got a

1532
00:56:56,690 --> 00:56:55,380
great searchable database out there it's

1533
00:56:58,790 --> 00:56:56,700
called the space station research

1534
00:57:00,530 --> 00:56:58,800
Explorer you can go to it and you can

1535
00:57:02,510 --> 00:57:00,540
search by keywords you can search by the

1536
00:57:04,730 --> 00:57:02,520
type of investigation you want to learn

1537
00:57:07,670 --> 00:57:04,740
about but you're right Roger that there

1538
00:57:10,190 --> 00:57:07,680
has been a number of Investigations in

1539
00:57:11,809 --> 00:57:10,200
the field of Behavioral Science and one

1540
00:57:15,530 --> 00:57:11,819
of the results that came out recently

1541
00:57:17,990 --> 00:57:15,540
was on astronaut time perception so that

1542
00:57:21,470 --> 00:57:18,000
study actually showed that the the time

1543
00:57:25,370 --> 00:57:21,480
perception of crew members uh

1544
00:57:28,309 --> 00:57:25,380
they think a minute is a little longer

1545
00:57:31,510 --> 00:57:28,319
than a minute actually is and in

1546
00:57:34,250 --> 00:57:31,520
retrospective when they look back at

1547
00:57:36,650 --> 00:57:34,260
how long in the past something happened

1548
00:57:39,290 --> 00:57:36,660
it seems shorter to them at least that's

1549
00:57:41,870 --> 00:57:39,300
the reported results that we've seen but

1550
00:57:44,210 --> 00:57:41,880
uh there is this entire field of

1551
00:57:46,250 --> 00:57:44,220
Behavioral Science that we're looking at

1552
00:57:49,609 --> 00:57:46,260
because we need to understand not only

1553
00:57:51,650 --> 00:57:49,619
our crew cohesion for six-month missions

1554
00:57:53,990 --> 00:57:51,660
but eventually how do we get to that

1555
00:57:56,349 --> 00:57:54,000
Mars mission where it could be you know

1556
00:58:00,770 --> 00:57:56,359
almost three years round trip

1557
00:58:02,690 --> 00:58:00,780
it could be a big big part of that

1558
00:58:05,390 --> 00:58:02,700
mission just keeping the the team

1559
00:58:08,390 --> 00:58:05,400
together other things that I that I know

1560
00:58:11,750 --> 00:58:08,400
we've looked into are communication

1561
00:58:14,210 --> 00:58:11,760
techniques guiding operations for

1562
00:58:16,730 --> 00:58:14,220
ultrasound or other medical procedures

1563
00:58:18,829 --> 00:58:16,740
and that has bearing not only for our

1564
00:58:20,630 --> 00:58:18,839
crews in remote locations but if you

1565
00:58:22,430 --> 00:58:20,640
think about it for remotely isolated

1566
00:58:25,010 --> 00:58:22,440
communities as well well where you don't

1567
00:58:27,650 --> 00:58:25,020
have a specialist on call or the ability

1568
00:58:30,770 --> 00:58:27,660
necessary to necessarily to even get to

1569
00:58:33,410 --> 00:58:30,780
a hospital quickly so our Canadian

1570
00:58:35,510 --> 00:58:33,420
partners are very interested in this for

1571
00:58:37,730 --> 00:58:35,520
a lot of their Northern Communities

1572
00:58:40,250 --> 00:58:37,740
I have a different perspective on your

1573
00:58:41,329 --> 00:58:40,260
question on perspective so earlier this

1574
00:58:43,490 --> 00:58:41,339
week I was actually I was lucky enough

1575
00:58:44,510 --> 00:58:43,500
to go to Atlanta there's a research team

1576
00:58:46,970 --> 00:58:44,520
that's going to be launching an

1577
00:58:49,010 --> 00:58:46,980
investigation from Emory University on

1578
00:58:51,410 --> 00:58:49,020
Northrop Grumman CRS 19 a little bit

1579
00:58:53,450 --> 00:58:51,420
later on but it was interesting because

1580
00:58:55,910 --> 00:58:53,460
I had the chance to meet with this

1581
00:58:58,069 --> 00:58:55,920
investigator the lead Pi for this about

1582
00:59:00,410 --> 00:58:58,079
nine years ago an Outreach event over at

1583
00:59:02,329 --> 00:59:00,420
Emory University where NASA and National

1584
00:59:03,829 --> 00:59:02,339
Lab we kind of go and we educate people

1585
00:59:06,230 --> 00:59:03,839
on the opportunities that are available

1586
00:59:08,210 --> 00:59:06,240
to leverage the space station and she

1587
00:59:10,490 --> 00:59:08,220
was one of maybe 10 people that was in

1588
00:59:12,049 --> 00:59:10,500
the audience that day and she came up to

1589
00:59:13,190 --> 00:59:12,059
me afterwards and she said hey is there

1590
00:59:15,069 --> 00:59:13,200
are there like any research

1591
00:59:17,329 --> 00:59:15,079
announcements that are geared towards

1592
00:59:19,010 --> 00:59:17,339
biological sciences or stem cell

1593
00:59:20,630 --> 00:59:19,020
research and I said as a matter of fact

1594
00:59:22,430 --> 00:59:20,640
yeah we have a research announcement

1595
00:59:24,470 --> 00:59:22,440
available right now focused on stem

1596
00:59:25,970 --> 00:59:24,480
cells she applied and then she was

1597
00:59:27,890 --> 00:59:25,980
awarded and she's flown multiple

1598
00:59:29,870 --> 00:59:27,900
investigations and so when I was meeting

1599
00:59:32,870 --> 00:59:29,880
with her team this week it was a great

1600
00:59:35,150 --> 00:59:32,880
conversation because that nine years ago

1601
00:59:37,910 --> 00:59:35,160
her perspective changed on how it is

1602
00:59:39,829 --> 00:59:37,920
that she could could do science she

1603
00:59:40,970 --> 00:59:39,839
didn't realize they didn't realize that

1604
00:59:43,069 --> 00:59:40,980
they could leverage the space station

1605
00:59:45,289 --> 00:59:43,079
and they could be part of something that

1606
00:59:46,910 --> 00:59:45,299
is now uh going to be forever etched in

1607
00:59:48,710 --> 00:59:46,920
what it is that they do from a research

1608
00:59:50,089 --> 00:59:48,720
perspective moving forward so it was

1609
00:59:51,770 --> 00:59:50,099
also a lot of fun just to kind of you

1610
00:59:54,049 --> 00:59:51,780
know reminisce and be like gosh that was

1611
00:59:56,329 --> 00:59:54,059
a long time ago in a galaxy far far away

1612
00:59:57,950 --> 00:59:56,339
but look at us now and again it's

1613
01:00:00,170 --> 00:59:57,960
exciting to go out there and share those

1614
01:00:01,430 --> 01:00:00,180
types of Stories on how uh you know we

1615
01:00:03,530 --> 01:00:01,440
all were able to kind of change that

1616
01:00:06,109 --> 01:00:03,540
perspective of of what's possible in

1617
01:00:07,789 --> 01:00:06,119
space and and who can access it

1618
01:00:09,410 --> 01:00:07,799
thank you all for answering that

1619
01:00:11,809 --> 01:00:09,420
question together we have time for one

1620
01:00:13,730 --> 01:00:11,819
more question here in the room

1621
01:00:16,490 --> 01:00:13,740
we've got a few hands up so maybe we can

1622
01:00:18,349 --> 01:00:16,500
take one I sorry hard Choice maybe we'll

1623
01:00:20,089 --> 01:00:18,359
take one here in the front that we

1624
01:00:21,890 --> 01:00:20,099
haven't gotten to yet

1625
01:00:22,849 --> 01:00:21,900
oh one here in the front sorry we don't

1626
01:00:26,510 --> 01:00:22,859
want to make you the bad guy you're not

1627
01:00:28,789 --> 01:00:26,520
choosing there you go perfect hi she

1628
01:00:30,470 --> 01:00:28,799
sold Anna here um question for you can

1629
01:00:32,150 --> 01:00:30,480
you go over the importance of

1630
01:00:34,309 --> 01:00:32,160
plant-based research currently being

1631
01:00:37,490 --> 01:00:34,319
conducted in space using systems such as

1632
01:00:40,250 --> 01:00:37,500
veggie and x-roots

1633
01:00:42,589 --> 01:00:40,260
that is a great question so I'm going to

1634
01:00:44,510 --> 01:00:42,599
try and do a really quick overview of

1635
01:00:46,849 --> 01:00:44,520
all the different plant growing systems

1636
01:00:48,289 --> 01:00:46,859
that we have on board right now I

1637
01:00:50,390 --> 01:00:48,299
mentioned the bricks those are

1638
01:00:52,069 --> 01:00:50,400
biological research and canisters we we

1639
01:00:56,569 --> 01:00:52,079
put small plants in Petri dishes

1640
01:01:00,609 --> 01:00:56,579
sometimes we have a system called veggie

1641
01:01:03,589 --> 01:01:00,619
veggie is an expandable collapsible

1642
01:01:05,690 --> 01:01:03,599
container with lights to grow plants in

1643
01:01:08,870 --> 01:01:05,700
and we're doing a lot of our crop

1644
01:01:12,770 --> 01:01:08,880
production research in Veggie to start

1645
01:01:14,930 --> 01:01:12,780
off we're trying to understand our they

1646
01:01:18,289 --> 01:01:14,940
are the fruits and vegetables as

1647
01:01:20,329 --> 01:01:18,299
nutritional as Earth grown varieties and

1648
01:01:21,829 --> 01:01:20,339
we're allowing the the astronauts to

1649
01:01:25,130 --> 01:01:21,839
sample those now which is a great

1650
01:01:28,490 --> 01:01:25,140
addition to their to their diet

1651
01:01:31,549 --> 01:01:28,500
but we also have X Roots X roots or

1652
01:01:34,130 --> 01:01:31,559
sorry I should go back to uh veggie in

1653
01:01:35,569 --> 01:01:34,140
Veggie we grow the seeds or the

1654
01:01:38,809 --> 01:01:35,579
seedlings of the plants and little

1655
01:01:41,870 --> 01:01:38,819
pillows so you can think of it as being

1656
01:01:44,210 --> 01:01:41,880
typical growth medium in X Roots which

1657
01:01:47,390 --> 01:01:44,220
is also another plant growth chamber

1658
01:01:50,270 --> 01:01:47,400
that is specific specifically for

1659
01:01:52,370 --> 01:01:50,280
aeroponics and hydroponics so there the

1660
01:01:55,150 --> 01:01:52,380
root systems are growing in in clear

1661
01:01:59,030 --> 01:01:55,160
Chambers and they're given food medium

1662
01:02:01,250 --> 01:01:59,040
to grow we're also looking at that for

1663
01:02:04,130 --> 01:02:01,260
many different vegetable varieties and

1664
01:02:07,010 --> 01:02:04,140
of course the the nutritional value in

1665
01:02:09,410 --> 01:02:07,020
those and then lastly we've got a plant

1666
01:02:11,990 --> 01:02:09,420
growth chamber on orbit called the plant

1667
01:02:15,470 --> 01:02:12,000
habitat and the plant Advanced plant

1668
01:02:18,770 --> 01:02:15,480
habitat is really the the motherload of

1669
01:02:20,990 --> 01:02:18,780
plant research on ISS in that chamber

1670
01:02:23,510 --> 01:02:21,000
you can control the atmosphere qualities

1671
01:02:26,210 --> 01:02:23,520
the carbon carbon dioxide concentration

1672
01:02:29,630 --> 01:02:26,220
the light exactly how much light it's

1673
01:02:31,970 --> 01:02:29,640
getting exactly how much wind is on the

1674
01:02:35,150 --> 01:02:31,980
crops and really what we're getting at

1675
01:02:37,970 --> 01:02:35,160
in that research facility is how are

1676
01:02:40,910 --> 01:02:37,980
crops going to grow in maybe different

1677
01:02:43,609 --> 01:02:40,920
environments on the moon or on Mars

1678
01:02:46,970 --> 01:02:43,619
we're really trying to understand the

1679
01:02:48,470 --> 01:02:46,980
basis of of those crop systems in

1680
01:02:50,750 --> 01:02:48,480
different areas

1681
01:02:52,670 --> 01:02:50,760
thank you so much Kurt well that will

1682
01:02:54,230 --> 01:02:52,680
wrap up the question and answer portion

1683
01:02:55,849 --> 01:02:54,240
we have for today's panel I want to

1684
01:02:57,410 --> 01:02:55,859
thank our panelists for being here today

1685
01:02:59,210 --> 01:02:57,420
and thank all of our social media

1686
01:03:00,890 --> 01:02:59,220
content creators and influencers here in

1687
01:03:02,770 --> 01:03:00,900
the room it's always great to have the

1688
01:03:05,690 --> 01:03:02,780
NASA social here at Kennedy Space Center

1689
01:03:07,910 --> 01:03:05,700
again the liftoff of cruise 6 is

1690
01:03:11,210 --> 01:03:07,920
targeting very early Monday morning that

1691
01:03:13,190 --> 01:03:11,220
will be 1 45 a.m eastern time we'll want

1692
01:03:15,109 --> 01:03:13,200
you to turn and tune into the live

1693
01:03:19,190 --> 01:03:15,119
coverage that will begin on Sunday Night

1694
01:03:22,130 --> 01:03:19,200
February 27th at 10 15 p.m eastern time

1695
01:03:24,950 --> 01:03:22,140
you can watch that on nasa.gov forward

1696
01:03:27,410 --> 01:03:24,960
slash live or on our YouTube or any of